Fungal Biology

8.

8.1.

Decomposer Roles

8.1.1.

Organic Matter Breakdown

8.1.2.

Nutrient Cycling

8.1.3.

8.1.4.

Ecosystem Services

8.2.

Lignocellulose Degradation

8.2.1.

White Rot Fungi

8.2.1.1.

Lignin Peroxidases

8.2.1.2.

Manganese Peroxidases

8.2.1.3.

Laccase Enzymes

8.2.2.

Brown Rot Fungi

8.2.2.1.

Cellulose Degradation

8.2.2.2.

Hemicellulose Breakdown

8.2.2.3.

Wood Modification

8.2.3.

8.2.3.1.

Cavity Formation

8.2.3.2.

8.2.3.3.

Environmental Conditions

8.3.

Symbiotic Associations

8.3.1.

Mycorrhizal Partnerships

8.3.1.1.

Ectomycorrhizae

8.3.1.1.1.

Mantle Formation

8.3.1.1.2.

8.3.1.1.3.

Nutrient Exchange

8.3.1.2.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae

8.3.1.2.1.

Arbuscule Formation

8.3.1.2.2.

Vesicle Development

8.3.1.2.3.

Phosphorus Transfer

8.3.1.3.

Ericoid Mycorrhizae

8.3.1.3.1.

Hair Root Colonization

8.3.1.3.2.

Nutrient Mobilization

8.3.1.4.

Orchid Mycorrhizae

8.3.1.4.1.

Seed Germination

8.3.1.4.2.

8.3.1.4.3.

Life Cycle Support

8.3.2.

Lichen Symbiosis

8.3.2.1.

Fungal-Algal Partnerships

8.3.2.2.

Morphological Types

8.3.2.3.

Ecological Adaptations

8.3.2.4.

Environmental Indicators

8.3.3.

Endophytic Relationships

8.3.3.1.

Plant Colonization

8.3.3.2.

Defensive Functions

8.3.3.3.

Growth Enhancement

8.3.3.4.

Secondary Metabolites

8.4.

Pathogenic Interactions

8.4.1.

8.4.1.1.

Infection Mechanisms

8.4.1.2.

Disease Symptoms

8.4.1.3.

8.4.1.4.

Management Strategies

8.4.2.

Animal Pathogens

8.4.2.1.

Host Specificity

8.4.2.2.

Infection Pathways

8.4.2.3.

8.4.2.4.

Disease Outcomes

8.5.

Environmental Factors

8.5.1.

Climate Influences

8.5.2.

Habitat Preferences

8.5.3.

Seasonal Patterns

8.5.4.

Biogeographic Distribution

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9. Applied Mycology