Enhanced Oil Recovery

  1. Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery
    1. Thermal Recovery Principles
      1. Heat Transfer Mechanisms
        1. Conduction in Reservoir Rock
          1. Convection in Flowing Fluids
            1. Heat Losses to Overburden and Underburden
            2. Thermal Effects on Oil Properties
              1. Viscosity-Temperature Relationships
                1. Thermal Expansion of Oil
                  1. Distillation and Cracking Effects
                  2. Steam Properties and Behavior
                    1. Steam Quality
                      1. Latent Heat of Vaporization
                        1. Steam Zone Development
                      2. Steam Injection Methods
                        1. Cyclic Steam Stimulation
                          1. Process Description
                            1. Injection Phase Operations
                              1. Soaking Phase Optimization
                                1. Production Phase Management
                                  1. Cycle Design and Optimization
                                    1. Performance Evaluation
                                    2. Steam Flooding
                                      1. Continuous Steam Injection
                                        1. Steam Zone Advancement
                                          1. Hot Water Zone Formation
                                            1. Oil Bank Development
                                              1. Steam Override Control
                                                1. Pattern Design Considerations
                                                2. Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage
                                                  1. SAGD Well Configuration
                                                    1. Steam Chamber Development
                                                      1. Gravity Drainage Mechanisms
                                                        1. Start-up Procedures
                                                          1. Operational Optimization
                                                            1. SAGD Variants
                                                          2. In-Situ Combustion
                                                            1. Forward Combustion Process
                                                              1. Ignition Methods
                                                                1. Air Injection Systems
                                                                  1. Combustion Front Propagation
                                                                    1. Temperature Profiles
                                                                    2. Reverse Combustion
                                                                      1. Process Mechanics
                                                                        1. Applications and Limitations
                                                                        2. Wet Combustion
                                                                          1. Water Co-injection
                                                                            1. Benefits and Challenges
                                                                            2. Combustion Performance Factors
                                                                              1. Fuel Availability
                                                                                1. Air-Oil Ratio
                                                                                  1. Reservoir Heterogeneity Effects
                                                                                2. Alternative Thermal Methods
                                                                                  1. Hot Water Flooding
                                                                                    1. Process Description
                                                                                      1. Heat Efficiency Considerations
                                                                                      2. Electromagnetic Heating
                                                                                        1. Radiofrequency Heating
                                                                                          1. Microwave Heating
                                                                                            1. Electrical Resistance Heating
                                                                                              1. Downhole Heat Generation
                                                                                              2. Solar Thermal Applications
                                                                                                1. Solar Steam Generation
                                                                                                  1. Integration with EOR Operations
                                                                                                2. Thermal EOR Design and Optimization
                                                                                                  1. Reservoir Screening Criteria
                                                                                                    1. Oil Viscosity Requirements
                                                                                                      1. Reservoir Depth Limitations
                                                                                                        1. Net Pay Thickness
                                                                                                          1. Oil Saturation Thresholds
                                                                                                          2. Heat Management Strategies
                                                                                                            1. Heat Loss Minimization
                                                                                                              1. Insulation Techniques
                                                                                                                1. Heat Recovery Systems
                                                                                                                2. Environmental Considerations
                                                                                                                  1. Greenhouse Gas Emissions
                                                                                                                    1. Water Requirements
                                                                                                                      1. Air Quality Impacts

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                                                                                                                  2. Reservoir Engineering Fundamentals for EOR

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                                                                                                                  4. Gas Injection Enhanced Oil Recovery