Energy Policy and Economics

  1. Core Policy Objectives and Challenges
    1. Energy Security
      1. Conceptual Framework
        1. Dimensions of Energy Security
          1. Availability and Physical Security
            1. Accessibility and Affordability
              1. Acceptability and Sustainability
              2. Security Indicators and Metrics
                1. Import Dependence Ratios
                  1. Supply Concentration Indices
                    1. Infrastructure Vulnerability Assessments
                  2. Geopolitical Dimensions
                    1. Energy Resource Geography
                      1. Global Distribution of Resources
                        1. Resource Nationalism and Control
                          1. Transit Countries and Chokepoints
                          2. Energy Diplomacy and Conflicts
                            1. Energy as Foreign Policy Tool
                              1. Resource Conflicts and Wars
                                1. International Energy Cooperation
                              2. Supply Security Strategies
                                1. Diversification Approaches
                                  1. Source Diversification
                                    1. Route Diversification
                                      1. Fuel Diversification
                                      2. Strategic Reserves and Stockpiling
                                        1. Strategic Petroleum Reserves
                                          1. Natural Gas Storage
                                            1. Emergency Response Mechanisms
                                            2. Infrastructure Resilience
                                              1. Critical Infrastructure Protection
                                                1. Redundancy and Backup Systems
                                                  1. Cybersecurity for Energy Systems
                                              2. Environmental Sustainability
                                                1. Climate Change and Energy
                                                  1. Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy
                                                    1. Sectoral Emission Sources
                                                      1. Emission Factors and Accounting
                                                      2. Climate Policy and Energy Transition
                                                        1. Decarbonization Pathways
                                                          1. Carbon Budgets and Targets
                                                            1. Sectoral Mitigation Strategies
                                                          2. Local Environmental Impacts
                                                            1. Air Quality and Health
                                                              1. Criteria Pollutants from Energy
                                                                1. Health Impact Assessment
                                                                  1. Environmental Justice Concerns
                                                                  2. Water Resources and Quality
                                                                    1. Water Use in Energy Production
                                                                      1. Thermal Pollution
                                                                        1. Groundwater Contamination
                                                                        2. Land Use and Ecosystem Impacts
                                                                          1. Habitat Fragmentation
                                                                            1. Biodiversity Conservation
                                                                              1. Landscape and Visual Impacts
                                                                            2. Waste and Resource Management
                                                                              1. Nuclear Waste Management
                                                                                1. High-Level Radioactive Waste
                                                                                  1. Low and Intermediate-Level Waste
                                                                                    1. Long-term Storage Solutions
                                                                                    2. Fossil Fuel Waste Streams
                                                                                      1. Coal Ash and Mine Waste
                                                                                        1. Oil and Gas Waste Management
                                                                                          1. Remediation and Cleanup Costs
                                                                                      2. Economic Efficiency and Affordability
                                                                                        1. Allocative and Productive Efficiency
                                                                                          1. Market-Based Resource Allocation
                                                                                            1. Cost Minimization in Energy Supply
                                                                                              1. Innovation and Dynamic Efficiency
                                                                                              2. Energy Affordability and Access
                                                                                                1. Energy Poverty Measurement
                                                                                                  1. Expenditure-Based Indicators
                                                                                                    1. Consensual and Subjective Measures
                                                                                                      1. Multidimensional Poverty Indices
                                                                                                      2. Universal Access to Energy Services
                                                                                                        1. Rural Electrification Programs
                                                                                                          1. Clean Cooking Access
                                                                                                            1. Off-Grid and Mini-Grid Solutions
                                                                                                            2. Affordability Policy Responses
                                                                                                              1. Targeted Subsidies and Social Tariffs
                                                                                                                1. Energy Efficiency for Low-Income Households
                                                                                                                  1. Utility Disconnection Protections
                                                                                                                2. Macroeconomic Impacts
                                                                                                                  1. Energy Prices and Economic Growth
                                                                                                                    1. Energy-GDP Relationships
                                                                                                                      1. Energy Price Shocks and Recessions
                                                                                                                        1. Sectoral Impacts of Energy Costs
                                                                                                                        2. Fiscal and Trade Balance Effects
                                                                                                                          1. Energy Subsidies and Government Budgets
                                                                                                                            1. Energy Trade and Current Account
                                                                                                                              1. Petrodollar Recycling
                                                                                                                              2. Industrial Competitiveness
                                                                                                                                1. Energy-Intensive Industry Impacts
                                                                                                                                  1. Carbon Leakage Concerns
                                                                                                                                    1. Green Industrial Policy

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                                                                                                                              6. Policy Instruments for Energy Markets

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                                                                                                                              8. Evaluating Energy Policies