Economic Geography

  1. Globalization and the World Economy
    1. International Trade Patterns
      1. Trade Theory Foundations
        1. Absolute Advantage Theory
          1. Comparative Advantage Theory
            1. Heckscher-Ohlin Theory
              1. New Trade Theory
              2. Global Trade Flows
                1. Merchandise Trade
                  1. Services Trade
                    1. Intra-Industry Trade
                      1. Trade in Intermediates
                      2. Trade Routes and Corridors
                        1. Maritime Trade Routes
                          1. Land-Based Trade Corridors
                            1. Air Cargo Networks
                              1. Strategic Chokepoints
                              2. Regional Trade Integration
                                1. Free Trade Areas
                                  1. Customs Unions
                                    1. Common Markets
                                      1. Economic Unions
                                      2. Major Trading Blocs
                                        1. North American Trade
                                          1. European Union Trade
                                            1. Asian Trade Networks
                                              1. African Trade Integration
                                            2. Multinational Corporations and Global Production
                                              1. MNC Characteristics and Strategies
                                                1. Horizontal Integration
                                                  1. Vertical Integration
                                                    1. Market-Seeking FDI
                                                      1. Efficiency-Seeking FDI
                                                        1. Resource-Seeking FDI
                                                        2. Foreign Direct Investment Patterns
                                                          1. FDI Flows and Stocks
                                                            1. Sectoral Distribution
                                                              1. Geographic Distribution
                                                                1. Greenfield vs. Mergers and Acquisitions
                                                                2. Global Production Networks
                                                                  1. Network Governance
                                                                    1. Lead Firms and Suppliers
                                                                      1. Value Chain Coordination
                                                                        1. Upgrading Opportunities
                                                                        2. Offshoring and Outsourcing
                                                                          1. Manufacturing Offshoring
                                                                            1. Services Offshoring
                                                                              1. Reshoring Movements
                                                                            2. Global Supply Chains
                                                                              1. Supply Chain Structure
                                                                                1. Tier Systems
                                                                                  1. Network Relationships
                                                                                    1. Geographic Dispersion
                                                                                    2. Supply Chain Management
                                                                                      1. Coordination Mechanisms
                                                                                        1. Quality Control
                                                                                          1. Risk Management
                                                                                            1. Sustainability Issues
                                                                                            2. Supply Chain Vulnerabilities
                                                                                              1. Natural Disasters
                                                                                                1. Political Instability
                                                                                                  1. Trade Disruptions
                                                                                                    1. Pandemic Impacts
                                                                                                    2. Supply Chain Resilience
                                                                                                      1. Diversification Strategies
                                                                                                        1. Redundancy Building
                                                                                                          1. Flexibility Enhancement
                                                                                                            1. Local Sourcing
                                                                                                          2. Global Financial System
                                                                                                            1. International Financial Architecture
                                                                                                              1. International Monetary Fund
                                                                                                                1. World Bank Group
                                                                                                                  1. Regional Development Banks
                                                                                                                    1. Bank for International Settlements
                                                                                                                    2. Global Capital Markets
                                                                                                                      1. Foreign Exchange Markets
                                                                                                                        1. International Bond Markets
                                                                                                                          1. Global Equity Markets
                                                                                                                            1. Derivatives Markets
                                                                                                                            2. Global Cities as Financial Centers
                                                                                                                              1. Tier 1 Financial Centers
                                                                                                                                1. Tier 2 Financial Centers
                                                                                                                                  1. Specialized Financial Centers
                                                                                                                                    1. Financial Center Competition
                                                                                                                                    2. Financial Flows and Crises
                                                                                                                                      1. Capital Flow Patterns
                                                                                                                                        1. Financial Contagion
                                                                                                                                          1. Currency Crises
                                                                                                                                            1. Banking Crises

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                                                                                                                                        5. Agglomeration and Economic Clusters

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                                                                                                                                        7. Economic Development and Spatial Inequality