Corrosion Science and Engineering

  1. Corrosion in Specific Industries
    1. Oil and Gas Industry
      1. Upstream Operations
        1. Drilling Operations
          1. Drilling Fluid Corrosion
            1. Casing and Tubing
              1. Downhole Equipment
              2. Production Systems
                1. Wellhead Equipment
                  1. Production Tubing
                    1. Surface Equipment
                    2. Enhanced Oil Recovery
                      1. Water Injection Systems
                        1. Chemical Injection
                          1. Steam Injection
                        2. Midstream Operations
                          1. Pipeline Systems
                            1. Internal Corrosion
                              1. External Corrosion
                                1. Stress Corrosion Cracking
                                2. Storage Facilities
                                  1. Tank Bottom Corrosion
                                    1. Vapor Space Corrosion
                                      1. Floating Roof Systems
                                      2. Processing Facilities
                                        1. Separation Equipment
                                          1. Compression Systems
                                            1. Treating Units
                                          2. Downstream Operations
                                            1. Refinery Processes
                                              1. Crude Distillation
                                                1. Catalytic Cracking
                                                  1. Hydrotreating
                                                  2. Petrochemical Plants
                                                    1. Ethylene Production
                                                      1. Aromatics Production
                                                        1. Polymer Manufacturing
                                                      2. Sour Service Environments
                                                        1. Hydrogen Sulfide Effects
                                                          1. Material Selection
                                                            1. NACE Standards
                                                              1. Inspection Requirements
                                                              2. Corrosion Management
                                                                1. Integrity Management Programs
                                                                  1. Risk Assessment
                                                                    1. Monitoring Strategies
                                                                      1. Maintenance Planning
                                                                    2. Chemical Process Industry
                                                                      1. Process Equipment Corrosion
                                                                        1. Reactors and Vessels
                                                                          1. Material Selection
                                                                            1. Design Considerations
                                                                              1. Operating Conditions
                                                                              2. Heat Exchangers
                                                                                1. Tube-Side Corrosion
                                                                                  1. Shell-Side Corrosion
                                                                                    1. Galvanic Effects
                                                                                    2. Piping Systems
                                                                                      1. Flow-Induced Corrosion
                                                                                        1. Thermal Cycling
                                                                                          1. Chemical Compatibility
                                                                                        2. Specific Chemical Environments
                                                                                          1. Acid Handling
                                                                                            1. Sulfuric Acid Systems
                                                                                              1. Hydrochloric Acid
                                                                                                1. Nitric Acid
                                                                                                  1. Organic Acids
                                                                                                  2. Alkali Processing
                                                                                                    1. Sodium Hydroxide
                                                                                                      1. Potassium Hydroxide
                                                                                                        1. Ammonia Systems
                                                                                                        2. Oxidizing Environments
                                                                                                          1. Chlorine Systems
                                                                                                            1. Hydrogen Peroxide
                                                                                                              1. Ozone Applications
                                                                                                              2. Reducing Environments
                                                                                                                1. Hydrogen Systems
                                                                                                                  1. Carbon Monoxide
                                                                                                                    1. Reducing Acids
                                                                                                                  2. Material Selection Guidelines
                                                                                                                    1. Stainless Steel Applications
                                                                                                                      1. Nickel Alloy Uses
                                                                                                                        1. Titanium Applications
                                                                                                                          1. Non-Metallic Materials
                                                                                                                          2. Corrosion Control Strategies
                                                                                                                            1. Process Optimization
                                                                                                                              1. Inhibitor Programs
                                                                                                                                1. Material Upgrades
                                                                                                                                  1. Monitoring Systems
                                                                                                                                2. Power Generation Industry
                                                                                                                                  1. Fossil Fuel Power Plants
                                                                                                                                    1. Boiler Systems
                                                                                                                                      1. Waterwall Corrosion
                                                                                                                                        1. Superheater Corrosion
                                                                                                                                          1. Economizer Problems
                                                                                                                                          2. Steam Cycle Components
                                                                                                                                            1. Turbine Corrosion
                                                                                                                                              1. Condenser Systems
                                                                                                                                                1. Feedwater Systems
                                                                                                                                                2. Cooling Water Systems
                                                                                                                                                  1. Cooling Tower Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                    1. Heat Exchanger Fouling
                                                                                                                                                      1. Biofouling Control
                                                                                                                                                      2. Flue Gas Systems
                                                                                                                                                        1. Stack Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                          1. Scrubber Systems
                                                                                                                                                            1. Ash Handling
                                                                                                                                                          2. Nuclear Power Plants
                                                                                                                                                            1. Primary Circuit Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                              1. Reactor Pressure Vessel
                                                                                                                                                                1. Steam Generator
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Primary Piping
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Secondary Circuit
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Steam Lines
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Turbine Systems
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Condensate Systems
                                                                                                                                                                        2. Radiation Effects
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Radiolysis
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Activation Products
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Material Degradation
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Water Chemistry Control
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Primary Water Chemistry
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Secondary Water Chemistry
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Monitoring Programs
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Renewable Energy Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Wind Power
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Tower Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Blade Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Offshore Considerations
                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Solar Power
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Panel Degradation
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Support Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Concentrated Solar Power
                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Hydroelectric
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Turbine Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Penstock Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Gate and Valve Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Aerospace and Aviation Industry
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Aircraft Structures
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Fuselage Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Aluminum Alloy Issues
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Composite Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Joint Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Wing Structures
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Fuel Tank Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Control Surface Problems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Fastener Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Landing Gear
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Steel Components
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Hydraulic Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Environmental Exposure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Propulsion Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Gas Turbine Engines
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Compressor Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Combustor Problems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Turbine Blade Degradation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Fuel Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Fuel Tank Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Fuel Line Problems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Pump Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Environmental Factors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Atmospheric Exposure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Altitude Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Temperature Cycling
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Moisture Condensation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Ground Operations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Deicing Chemicals
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Exhaust Exposure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Hangar Environments
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Material Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Aluminum Alloys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. 2000 Series Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. 7000 Series Uses
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Corrosion Prevention
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Titanium Alloys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Engine Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Structural Uses
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Hot Salt Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Composite Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Carbon Fiber Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Glass Fiber Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Environmental Degradation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Marine and Offshore Industry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Ship Structures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Hull Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Below Waterline
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Splash Zone
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Deck Areas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Ballast Tank Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Coating Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Cathodic Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Inspection Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Cargo Hold Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Cargo Compatibility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Cleaning Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Coating Selection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Offshore Platforms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Structural Components
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Jacket Structures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Deck Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Pile Foundations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Process Equipment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Separation Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Compression Equipment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Piping Networks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Marine Growth
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Biological Fouling
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Accelerated Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Cleaning Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Seawater Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Cooling Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Heat Exchanger Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Biofouling Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Material Selection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Ballast Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Pump Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Piping Problems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Treatment Options
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Fire Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Sprinkler Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Deluge Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Seawater Compatibility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Protection Strategies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Cathodic Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Sacrificial Anodes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Impressed Current
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Monitoring Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Coating Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Antifouling Coatings
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Protective Coatings
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Application Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Material Selection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Seawater Resistant Alloys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Composite Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Galvanic Considerations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Infrastructure Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Bridge Structures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Steel Bridges
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Atmospheric Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Deicing Salt Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Coating Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Concrete Bridges
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Reinforcement Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Chloride Ingress
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Cathodic Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Cable Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Suspension Cables
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Stay Cables
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Corrosion Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Building Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Structural Steel
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Fire Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Atmospheric Exposure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Maintenance Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Roofing Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Metal Roofing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Fastener Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Galvanic Issues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. HVAC Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Ductwork Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Cooling Tower Problems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Water Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Pipeline Infrastructure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Water Distribution
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Internal Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. External Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Cathodic Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Sewer Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Hydrogen Sulfide Attack
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Microbial Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Rehabilitation Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Gas Distribution
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Steel Pipelines
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Plastic Pipelines
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Corrosion Monitoring
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Reinforced Concrete
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Corrosion Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Carbonation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Chloride Attack
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Stray Current
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Prevention Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Concrete Quality
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Cover Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Corrosion Inhibitors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Repair Techniques
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Patch Repairs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Cathodic Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Coating Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Automotive Industry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Body and Frame
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Steel Body Panels
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Galvanized Coatings
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Paint Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Perforation Resistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Aluminum Components
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Joining Issues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Galvanic Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Surface Treatments
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Underbody Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Undercoating Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Wax Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Cavity Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Engine and Drivetrain
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Cooling Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Radiator Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Water Pump Issues
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Coolant Chemistry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Exhaust Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. High-Temperature Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Condensate Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Stainless Steel Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Fuel Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Tank Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Fuel Line Problems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Ethanol Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Environmental Factors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Road Salt Exposure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Winter Conditions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Splash and Spray
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Underbody Attack
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Atmospheric Conditions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Humidity Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Pollutant Exposure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Temperature Cycling
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Testing and Evaluation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Accelerated Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Salt Spray Tests
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Cyclic Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Field Exposure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Performance Standards
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Perforation Warranties
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Cosmetic Standards
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Durability Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Biomedical Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Implant Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Stainless Steel Implants
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. 316L Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Corrosion Resistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Biocompatibility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Titanium Implants
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Pure Titanium
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Osseointegration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Cobalt-Chromium Alloys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Wear Resistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Corrosion Properties
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Joint Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Corrosion in Biological Environments
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Body Fluid Chemistry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Electrolyte Composition
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. pH Variations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Protein Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Inflammatory Response
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Corrosion Product Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Tissue Reaction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Long-Term Stability
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Degradation Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Uniform Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Pitting Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Crevice Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Fretting Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Testing Standards
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. In Vitro Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Accelerated Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Long-Term Studies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Regulatory Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. FDA Guidelines
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. ISO Standards
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Biocompatibility Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Microelectronics Industry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Electronic Component Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Printed Circuit Boards
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Copper Trace Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Solder Joint Reliability
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Conformal Coatings
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Semiconductor Devices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Wire Bond Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Package Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Moisture Sensitivity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Connector Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Contact Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Fretting Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Plating Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Environmental Factors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Humidity Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Condensation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Hygroscopic Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Moisture Absorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Contaminant Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Ionic Contamination
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Organic Contaminants
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Particulate Matter
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Temperature Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Thermal Cycling
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. High-Temperature Operation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Thermal Shock
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Failure Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Electrochemical Migration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Dendrite Formation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Leakage Current
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Insulation Resistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Galvanic Corrosion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Dissimilar Metals
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Electrolyte Formation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Current Flow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Protection Strategies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Hermetic Sealing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Conformal Coatings
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Moisture Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Material Selection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Testing Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Accelerated Life Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Environmental Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Reliability Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Failure Analysis

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Previous

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          9. Corrosion Prevention and Control

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Go to top

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Start

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Introduction to Corrosion