Conservation Biology

  1. Landscape and Ecosystem Conservation
    1. Protected Area Systems
      1. IUCN Protected Area Categories
        1. Category I: Strict Nature Reserves
          1. Category II: National Parks
            1. Category III: Natural Monuments
              1. Category IV: Habitat Management Areas
                1. Category V: Protected Landscapes
                  1. Category VI: Sustainable Use Areas
                  2. Reserve Design Principles
                    1. Representation
                      1. Adequacy
                        1. Comprehensiveness
                          1. Size Requirements
                            1. Shape Considerations
                              1. Connectivity
                              2. The SLOSS Debate
                                1. Single Large vs. Several Small
                                  1. Theoretical Arguments
                                    1. Empirical Evidence
                                      1. Context Dependency
                                      2. Protected Area Management
                                        1. Management Planning
                                          1. Zoning Systems
                                            1. Visitor Management
                                              1. Resource Protection
                                                1. Community Relations
                                                2. Marine Protected Areas
                                                  1. Design Considerations
                                                    1. No-Take Zones
                                                      1. Multiple-Use Areas
                                                        1. Enforcement Challenges
                                                          1. Network Approaches
                                                        2. Landscape Ecology Applications
                                                          1. Habitat Connectivity
                                                            1. Corridor Design
                                                              1. Stepping Stone Habitats
                                                                1. Functional Connectivity
                                                                  1. Structural Connectivity
                                                                  2. Matrix Management
                                                                    1. Land Use Planning
                                                                      1. Wildlife-Friendly Practices
                                                                        1. Permeability Enhancement
                                                                        2. Metapopulation Management
                                                                          1. Source-Sink Dynamics
                                                                            1. Patch Networks
                                                                              1. Colonization-Extinction Balance
                                                                              2. Landscape Genetics
                                                                                1. Gene Flow Patterns
                                                                                  1. Landscape Resistance
                                                                                    1. Genetic Connectivity
                                                                                  2. Ecosystem Management
                                                                                    1. Ecosystem-Based Management
                                                                                      1. Holistic Approaches
                                                                                        1. Multiple Objectives
                                                                                          1. Stakeholder Integration
                                                                                            1. Adaptive Management
                                                                                            2. Ecosystem Services Management
                                                                                              1. Service Identification
                                                                                                1. Trade-off Analysis
                                                                                                  1. Payment Schemes
                                                                                                  2. Large Landscape Conservation
                                                                                                    1. Transboundary Conservation
                                                                                                      1. Corridor Networks
                                                                                                        1. Regional Planning
                                                                                                      2. Ecological Restoration
                                                                                                        1. Restoration Ecology Principles
                                                                                                          1. Reference Ecosystems
                                                                                                            1. Historical Baselines
                                                                                                              1. Alternative Stable States
                                                                                                              2. Restoration Techniques
                                                                                                                1. Active Restoration
                                                                                                                  1. Passive Restoration
                                                                                                                    1. Assisted Natural Regeneration
                                                                                                                    2. Habitat-Specific Restoration
                                                                                                                      1. Forest Restoration
                                                                                                                        1. Grassland Restoration
                                                                                                                          1. Wetland Restoration
                                                                                                                            1. Marine Restoration
                                                                                                                            2. Restoration Monitoring
                                                                                                                              1. Success Criteria
                                                                                                                                1. Monitoring Protocols
                                                                                                                                  1. Adaptive Management
                                                                                                                                  2. Novel Ecosystems
                                                                                                                                    1. Recognition and Management
                                                                                                                                      1. Intervention Strategies
                                                                                                                                      2. Rewilding
                                                                                                                                        1. Trophic Rewilding
                                                                                                                                          1. Pleistocene Rewilding
                                                                                                                                            1. Passive Rewilding
                                                                                                                                              1. Large-Scale Projects

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                                                                                                                                          4. Population and Species Conservation

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                                                                                                                                          6. Human Dimensions of Conservation