Animal Husbandry

2.

Animal Breeding and Genetics

2.1.

Principles of Mendelian Genetics

2.1.1.

Laws of Inheritance

2.1.1.1.

Law of Dominance

2.1.1.2.

Law of Segregation

2.1.1.3.

Law of Independent Assortment

2.1.2.

Dominance and Recessiveness

2.1.2.1.

Complete Dominance

2.1.2.2.

Incomplete Dominance

2.1.2.3.

2.1.3.

Segregation and Independent Assortment

2.1.4.

Punnett Squares and Genetic Ratios

2.1.4.1.

Monohybrid Crosses

2.1.4.2.

Dihybrid Crosses

2.1.4.3.

2.2.

Quantitative and Population Genetics

2.2.1.

Polygenic Traits

2.2.1.1.

Continuous Variation

2.2.1.2.

Multiple Gene Effects

2.2.2.

Genetic Variation and Distribution

2.2.2.1.

Sources of Genetic Variation

2.2.2.2.

Normal Distribution

2.2.3.

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

2.2.3.1.

Assumptions and Conditions

2.2.3.2.

Allele and Genotype Frequencies

2.2.4.

Genetic Drift and Selection

2.2.4.1.

Random Genetic Drift

2.2.4.2.

Natural Selection

2.2.4.3.

Artificial Selection

2.3.

Heritability and Repeatability of Traits

2.3.1.

Definition of Heritability

2.3.1.1.

Narrow-sense Heritability

2.3.1.2.

Broad-sense Heritability

2.3.2.

Estimation Methods

2.3.2.1.

Parent-offspring Regression

2.3.2.2.

Half-sib Analysis

2.3.2.3.

Full-sib Analysis

2.3.3.

Importance in Breeding Programs

2.3.4.

Repeatability and Its Applications

2.3.4.1.

Definition of Repeatability

2.3.4.2.

Relationship to Heritability

2.4.

Systems of Breeding

2.4.1.

2.4.1.1.

Types of Inbreeding

2.4.1.1.1.

Close Inbreeding

2.4.1.1.2.

2.4.1.2.

Effects on Genetic Diversity

2.4.1.3.

Inbreeding Depression

2.4.1.4.

Coefficient of Inbreeding

2.4.2.

2.4.2.1.

Purpose and Methods

2.4.2.2.

Advantages and Risks

2.4.2.3.

Maintaining Genetic Relationships

2.4.3.

2.4.3.1.

2.4.3.1.1.

Two-breed Crosses

2.4.3.1.2.

Three-breed Crosses

2.4.3.1.3.

Rotational Crossbreeding

2.4.3.1.4.

Terminal Crossbreeding

2.4.3.2.

2.4.3.2.1.

Individual Heterosis

2.4.3.2.2.

Maternal Heterosis

2.4.3.2.3.

Paternal Heterosis

2.4.3.3.

Crossbred Performance

2.4.3.4.

2.4.3.4.1.

Steps in Grading Up

2.4.3.4.2.

Use in Breed Improvement

2.5.

Breed Selection

2.5.1.

Selection Methods

2.5.1.1.

Individual Selection

2.5.1.1.1.

Performance Testing

2.5.1.1.2.

Visual Appraisal

2.5.1.2.

Pedigree Selection

2.5.1.2.1.

Ancestry Records

2.5.1.2.2.

Genetic Merit Assessment

2.5.1.3.

Progeny Testing

2.5.1.3.1.

Offspring Performance

2.5.1.3.2.

Sire Evaluation

2.5.1.4.

Family Selection

2.5.1.4.1.

2.5.1.4.2.

2.5.2.

Selection for Economic Traits

2.5.2.1.

2.5.2.2.

Feed Efficiency

2.5.2.3.

Carcass Quality

2.5.2.4.

Milk Yield and Composition

2.5.2.5.

2.5.2.6.

Reproductive Efficiency

2.5.2.7.

Disease Resistance

2.5.2.8.

2.5.3.

Selection Intensity and Response

2.5.3.1.

Selection Differential

2.5.3.2.

Response to Selection

2.5.3.3.

Generation Interval

2.6.

Modern Genetic Technologies

2.6.1.

Artificial Insemination

2.6.1.1.

Principles and Techniques

2.6.1.2.

Semen Collection

2.6.1.3.

Semen Processing and Storage

2.6.1.4.

Insemination Procedures

2.6.1.5.

Advantages and Limitations

2.6.2.

Embryo Transfer

2.6.2.1.

2.6.2.2.

Embryo Collection

2.6.2.3.

Embryo Evaluation

2.6.2.4.

Embryo Transfer Procedures

2.6.2.5.

Benefits and Challenges

2.6.3.

Genomic Selection

2.6.3.1.

DNA Marker Identification

2.6.3.2.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms

2.6.3.3.

Genomic Breeding Values

2.6.3.4.

Genomic Prediction Accuracy

2.6.4.

Marker-Assisted Selection

2.6.4.1.

Use of Genetic Markers

2.6.4.2.

Quantitative Trait Loci

2.6.4.3.

Applications in Trait Selection

2.6.5.

Gene Editing Technologies

2.6.5.1.

2.6.5.2.

Applications in Livestock

2.6.5.3.

Ethical Considerations

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1. Introduction to Animal Husbandry

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3. Animal Nutrition