In particle physics, the quark model is a classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks—the quarks and antiquarks which give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons. The quark model underlies "flavor SU(3)", or the Eightfold Way, the successful classification scheme organizing the large number of lighter hadrons that were being discovered starting in the 1950s and continuing through the 1960s. It received experimental verification beginning in the late 1960s and is a valid effective classification of them to date. The model was independently proposed by physicists Murray Gell-Mann, who dubbed them "quarks" in a concise paper, and George Zweig, who suggested "aces" in a longer manuscript. André Petermann also touched upon the central ideas from 1963 to 1965, without as much quantitative substantiation. Today, the model has essentially been absorbed as a component of the established quantum field theory of strong and electroweak particle interactions, dubbed the Standard Model. Hadrons are not really "elementary", and can be regarded as bound states of their "valence quarks" and antiquarks, which give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons. These quantum numbers are labels identifying the hadrons, and are of two kinds. One set comes from the Poincaré symmetry—JPC, where J, P and C stand for the total angular momentum, P-symmetry, and C-symmetry, respectively. The other set is the flavor quantum numbers such as the isospin, strangeness, charm, and so on. The strong interactions binding the quarks together are insensitive to these quantum numbers, so variation of them leads to systematic mass and coupling relationships among the hadrons in the same flavor multiplet. All quarks are assigned a baryon number of ⅓. Up, charm and top quarks have an electric charge of +⅔, while the down, strange, and bottom quarks have an electric charge of −⅓. Antiquarks have the opposite quantum numbers. Quarks are spin-½ particles, and thus fermions. Each quark or antiquark obeys the Gell-Mann−Nishijima formula individually, so any additive assembly of them will as well. Mesons are made of a valence quark−antiquark pair (thus have a baryon number of 0), while baryons are made of three quarks (thus have a baryon number of 1). This article discusses the quark model for the up, down, and strange flavors of quark (which form an approximate flavor SU(3) symmetry). There are generalizations to larger number of flavors. (Wikipedia).
Particle Physics (13 of 41) Elementary Particles: What Is A Quark? (Part 1)
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will give a detail description of quarks. Next video in the Particle Physics series can be seen at: https://youtu.be/De0U8fUBI7o
From playlist PHYSICS 65 PARTICLE PHYSICS
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From playlist Science Unplugged: Particle Physics
A description of the standard model of particle physics which sets out the basic building blocks of everything.
From playlist Particle Physics
Do Quark Stars and Planets Exist...and Did We Find One?
You can buy Universe Sandbox 2 game here: http://amzn.to/2yJqwU6 Hello and welcome to What Da Math! In this video, we will talk about the reality of quark stars and what they represent. Support this channel on Patreon to help me make this a full time job: https://www.patreon.com/whatdama
From playlist Space Engine
The standard model: what's the evidence for the quark?
The evidence for the standard model comes from deep inelastic collisions studies at SLAC and at other particle accelerators and confirm the reality of the quark and boson that make up protons, neutrons and other hadrons. This video reviews the initial problems with the standard model as d
From playlist Modern Physics
This is a video I have been wanting to make for some time, in which I discuss what the quaternions are, as mathematical objects, and how we do calculations with them. In particular, we will see how the fundamental equation of the quaternions i^2=j^2=k^2=ijk=-1 easily generates the rule for
From playlist Quaternions
Particle Physics (14 of 41) Elementary Particles: What Is A Quark? (Part 2)
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will describe the physical aspects of a quark. Next video in the Particle Physics series can be seen at: https://youtu.be/Tokfrq-aJVk
From playlist PHYSICS 65 PARTICLE PHYSICS
What is the "Standard Model" of particle physics?
Some have called the Standard Model of particle physics a “theory of almost everything.” Brian Greene gives a quick explanation of this model. Subscribe to our YouTube Channel for all the latest from World Science U. Visit our Website: http://www.worldscienceu.com/ Like us on Facebook: h
From playlist Science Unplugged: Particle Physics
This video I look at the atomic standard model, developed by Murray Gell-Mann - hadrons, quarks, bosons, and more. I also discuss how models are developed in science. Check out my friend Simon Crook, from Crooked Educations, ode to the standard model https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K6ssFg
From playlist New here? A selection of what I do
The Map of Particle Physics | The Standard Model Explained
In this video I explain all the basics of particle physics and the standard model of particle physics. Check out Brilliant here: https://brilliant.org/DOS/ Buy the poster here: https://store.dftba.com/collections/domain-of-science/products/map-of-fundamental-particles Digital version here:
From playlist Quantum Physics Videos - Domain of Science
Quark matter in compact Stars by Thomas Klaehn
PROGRAM VIRTUAL MEETING ON COMPACT STARS AND QCD 2020 (ORIGINALLY "COMPACT STARS IN THE QCD PHASE DIAGRAM VIII: THE ERA OF MULTI-MESSENGER ASTRONOMY") ORGANIZERS: Manjari Bagchi, Sarmistha Banik, Sudip Bhattacharyya, Prashanth Jaikumar, V. Ravindran and Sayantan Sharma DATE: 17 August
Particle Physics 6: Particles & Supersymmetry
Part 6 of a series: nature's designer particles and the possibility of supersymmetric particles
From playlist Particle Physics
A roadmap to strange star by Renxin Xu
PROGRAM VIRTUAL MEETING ON COMPACT STARS AND QCD 2020 (ORIGINALLY "COMPACT STARS IN THE QCD PHASE DIAGRAM VIII: THE ERA OF MULTI-MESSENGER ASTRONOMY") ORGANIZERS: Manjari Bagchi, Sarmistha Banik, Sudip Bhattacharyya, Prashanth Jaikumar, V. Ravindran and Sayantan Sharma DATE: 17 August
Colorful Quantum Mechanics (Standard Model Part 5)
Introducing quarks is great, but it seems to introduce more questions than it answers. In this video, we will take a look at how to resolve some of the seeming problems that arise in the quark model by introducing color charges, gluons and the quantum chromodynamics! 0:00 Questions from Q
From playlist Standard Model
How Small Is It - 05 - The Higgs Boson (4K)
Text - http://howfarawayisit.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/The-Higgs-Boson-2021.pdf Music free version - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaM3ax-7XdI&list=PLpH1IDQEoE8QQHdzxHzRnwNytx0me7Gag website - https://howfarawayisit.com Wiki page https://howfarawayisit.fandom.com/wiki/Encyclopedia_H
From playlist How Small Is It
Beauty quarks behaving badly | The Royal Society
Quarks, leptons, muons... the Universe is made up of a fundamental particles, which, when arranged into 'The Standard Model', help us to understand what the Universe is, how it works and how it can change over time. The Standard Model, a highly reliable, well-tested description of fundame
From playlist Summer Science 2021 on demand
The Most Successful Scientific Theory Ever: The Standard Model
The Standard Model of particle physics is the most successful scientific theory of all time. It describes how everything in the universe is made of 12 different types of matter particles, interacting with three forces, all bound together by a rather special particle called the Higgs boson.
From playlist Explainers
What are Quark Stars? Searching for these Exotic Objects
Astronomers have theorized there could be an intermediate stage between neutron stars and black holes called quark stars. Are they out there? Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Follow us o
From playlist Supernovae