Articles containing proofs | Theorems about finite groups | Permutations

Cayley's theorem

In group theory, Cayley's theorem, named in honour of Arthur Cayley, states that every group G is isomorphic to a subgroup of a symmetric group. More specifically, G is isomorphic to a subgroup of the symmetric group whose elements are the permutations of the underlying set of G.Explicitly, * for each , the left-multiplication-by-g map sending each element x to gx is a permutation of G, and * the map sending each element g to is an injective homomorphism, so it defines an isomorphism from G onto a subgroup of . The homomorphism can also be understood as arising from the left translation action of G on the underlying set G. When G is finite, is finite too. The proof of Cayley's theorem in this case shows that if G is a finite group of order n, then G is isomorphic to a subgroup of the standard symmetric group . But G might also be isomorphic to a subgroup of a smaller symmetric group, for some ; for instance, the order 6 group is not only isomorphic to a subgroup of , but also (trivially) isomorphic to a subgroup of . The problem of finding the minimal-order symmetric group into which a given group G embeds is rather difficult. Alperin and Bell note that "in general the fact that finite groups are imbedded in symmetric groups has not influenced the methods used to study finite groups". When G is infinite, is infinite, but Cayley's theorem still applies. (Wikipedia).

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Cayley theorem proof

In this video I show you how to prove Cayley's theorem, which states that every group is isomorphic to a permutation group. This video is a bit long because I take the time to revisit all the concepts required in the proof. these include isomorphisms, injective, surjective, and bijective

From playlist Abstract algebra

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Cayley-Hamilton Theorem Example 2

Matrix Theory: Let A be the 3x3 matrix A = [1 2 2 / 2 0 1 / 1 3 4] with entries in the field Z/5. We verify the Cayley-Hamilton Theorem for A and compute the inverse of I + A using a geometric power series.

From playlist Matrix Theory

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Cayley-Hamilton Theorem: General Case

Matrix Theory: We state and prove the Cayley-Hamilton Theorem over a general field F. That is, we show each square matrix with entries in F satisfies its characteristic polynomial. We consider the special cases of diagonal and companion matrices before giving the proof.

From playlist Matrix Theory

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Proof that Cayley table row and column entries are unique and complete

In this video I show a proof of why all the row and column entries in a Cayley table are unique and why all of the elements in the group appear in each row and column. This proof goes a long way towards proving Cayley's theorem.

From playlist Abstract algebra

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Cayley-Hamilton Theorem: Example 1

Matrix Theory: We verify the Cayley-Hamilton Theorem for the real 3x3 matrix A = [ / / ]. Then we use CHT to find the inverse of A^2 + I.

From playlist Matrix Theory

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Cayley-Hamilton Theorem [Control Bootcamp]

Here we describe the Cayley-Hamilton Theorem, which states that every square matrix satisfies its own characteristic equation. This is very useful to prove results related to controllability and observability. These lectures follow Chapter 8 from: "Data-Driven Science and Engineering: Ma

From playlist Control Bootcamp

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Group theory 2: Cayley's theorem

This is lecture 2 of an online mathematics course on group theory. It describes Cayley's theorem that every abstract group is the group of symmetries of something, and as examples shows the Cayley graphs of the Klein 4-group and the symmetric group on 3 points.

From playlist Group theory

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Open educational resources for the day

Another run in Newlands Forest, another upload of open educational resources. I uploaded two videos today. In the abstract algebra video I show a proof of why all row and column entries in a Cayley table contain unique elements as well as all of the elements of the group. This takes us

From playlist Fun!!!

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Intro to Cauchy Sequences and Cauchy Criterion | Real Analysis

What are Cauchy sequences? We introduce the Cauchy criterion for sequences and discuss its importance. A sequence is Cauchy if and only if it converges. So Cauchy sequences are another way of characterizing convergence without involving the limit. A sequence being Cauchy roughly means that

From playlist Real Analysis

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Acylindrically hyperbolic structures on groups - Balasubramanya

Women and Mathematics Title: Acylindrically hyperbolic structures on groups Speaker: Sahana Hassan Balasubramanya Affiliation: Vanderbilt University Date: May 23, 2017 For more videos, please visit http://video.ias.edu

From playlist Mathematics

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Chapter 7: Group actions, symmetric group and Cayley’s theorem | Essence of Group Theory

Group action can be thought of as a homomorphism to a symmetric group, so apart from orbit-stabiliser theorem, we can also use the isomorphism theorem to analyse any group action. It turns out that this correspondence between group action and homomorphism can be visualised rather easily. T

From playlist Essence of Group Theory

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Regular permutation groups and Cayley graphs

Cheryl Praeger (University of Western Australia). Plenary Lecture from the 1st PRIMA Congress, 2009. Plenary Lecture 11. Abstract: Regular permutation groups are the 'smallest' transitive groups of permutations, and have been studied for more than a century. They occur, in particular, as

From playlist PRIMA2009

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Visual Group Theory, Lecture 4.3: The fundamental homomorphism theorem

Visual Group Theory, Lecture 4.3: The fundamental homomorphism theorem The fundamental homomorphism theorem (FHT), also called the "first isomorphism theorem", says that the quotient of a domain by the kernel of a homomorphism is isomorphic to the image. We motivate this with Cayley diagr

From playlist Visual Group Theory

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Visual Group Theory, Lecture 2.4: Cayley's theorem

Visual Group Theory, Lecture 2.4: Cayley's theorem Cayley's theorem says that every finite group has the same structure as some collection of permutations. Formally, this means that every finite group is isomorphic to a subgroup of some symmetric group. In this lecture, we see two ways to

From playlist Visual Group Theory

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Visual Group Theory, Lecture 3.5: Quotient groups

Visual Group Theory, Lecture 3.5: Quotient groups Like how a direct product can be thought of as a way to "multiply" two groups, a quotient is a way to "divide" a group by one of its subgroups. We start by defining this in terms of collapsing Cayley diagrams, until we get a conjecture abo

From playlist Visual Group Theory

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69 - The Cayley-Hamilton theorem

Algebra 1M - international Course no. 104016 Dr. Aviv Censor Technion - International school of engineering

From playlist Algebra 1M

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Robert Lazarsfeld: Cayley-Bacharach theorems with excess vanishing

A classical result usually attributed to Cayley and Bacharach asserts that if two plane curves of degrees c and d meet in cd points, then any curve of degree (c + d - 3) passing through all but one of these points must also pass through the remaining one. In the late 1970s, Griffiths and H

From playlist Algebraic and Complex Geometry

Related pages

Klein four-group | Group (mathematics) | Arthur Cayley | Permutation | Symmetric group | Group isomorphism | Homomorphism | Function (mathematics) | Group theory | Yoneda lemma | Birkhoff's representation theorem | Dihedral group of order 6 | Regular representation | Representation theorem | Frucht's theorem | Subgroup | Group homomorphism | Camille Jordan | Function composition | Coset