Vegetation Classification and Ecology

  1. Vegetation Dynamics and Succession
    1. The Concept of Succession
      1. Definition of Succession
        1. Primary Succession
          1. Colonization of Bare Substrates
            1. Pioneer Species
            2. Secondary Succession
              1. Disturbance Recovery
                1. Successional Stages
              2. Models of Succession
                1. Facilitation Model
                  1. Early Colonizers Modify Environment
                  2. Inhibition Model
                    1. Early Species Prevent Establishment of Others
                    2. Tolerance Model
                      1. Species Tolerate Environmental Conditions
                    3. The Climax Community Concept
                      1. Monoclimax Theory
                        1. Single Stable Endpoint
                        2. Polyclimax Theory
                          1. Multiple Stable States
                          2. Climax-Pattern Hypothesis
                            1. Continuum of Climax Types
                          3. Disturbance and Recovery
                            1. Resistance
                              1. Definitions and Examples
                              2. Resilience
                                1. Definitions and Examples
                                2. Patch Dynamics
                                  1. Mosaic Landscapes
                                  2. Gap Dynamics in Forests
                                    1. Canopy Gaps
                                      1. Regeneration Processes
                                    2. Long-Term Vegetation Change
                                      1. Paleoecology and Palynology
                                        1. Fossil Pollen Analysis
                                          1. Reconstruction of Past Vegetation
                                          2. Climate Change Impacts
                                            1. Range Shifts
                                              1. Altered Disturbance Regimes

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                                          5. Environmental Controls on Vegetation Distribution

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                                          7. Spatial Patterns and Vegetation Mapping