Time Series Analysis

  1. Foundational Concepts and Data Preparation
    1. Time Series Objects and Data Structures
      1. Data Formats
        1. Arrays and Matrices
          1. DataFrames
            1. Specialized Time Series Objects
            2. Indexing and Slicing
              1. Time-Based Indexing
                1. Range Selection
                  1. Conditional Selection
                  2. Software-Specific Structures
                    1. Python pandas
                      1. R ts and xts Objects
                        1. Other Statistical Software
                      2. Handling Time and Date Information
                        1. Timestamps and Periods
                          1. Date and Time Formats
                            1. Parsing Dates and Times
                              1. Period vs. Instant Representation
                              2. Frequency and Periodicity
                                1. Common Frequencies
                                  1. Frequency Conversion
                                    1. Irregular Frequencies
                                    2. Time Zones
                                      1. Time Zone Localization
                                        1. Time Zone Conversion
                                          1. Daylight Saving Time Issues
                                          2. Resampling and Aggregation
                                            1. Upsampling
                                              1. Downsampling
                                                1. Aggregation Functions
                                              2. Data Quality and Preprocessing
                                                1. Data Validation
                                                  1. Consistency Checks
                                                    1. Range Validation
                                                      1. Logical Validation
                                                      2. Handling Missing Values
                                                        1. Identifying Missing Data Patterns
                                                          1. Missing Data Mechanisms
                                                            1. Imputation Methods
                                                              1. Mean and Median Imputation
                                                                1. Last Observation Carried Forward
                                                                  1. Next Observation Carried Backward
                                                                    1. Model-Based Imputation
                                                                    2. Interpolation Techniques
                                                                      1. Linear Interpolation
                                                                        1. Spline Interpolation
                                                                          1. Time-Based Interpolation
                                                                          2. Deletion Strategies
                                                                          3. Outlier Detection and Treatment
                                                                            1. Statistical Methods
                                                                              1. Visual Identification
                                                                                1. Treatment Strategies
                                                                              2. Data Transformations
                                                                                1. Variance Stabilization
                                                                                  1. Logarithmic Transformations
                                                                                    1. Square Root Transformations
                                                                                      1. Box-Cox Transformations
                                                                                      2. Normalization and Standardization
                                                                                        1. Z-Score Standardization
                                                                                          1. Min-Max Scaling
                                                                                            1. Robust Scaling
                                                                                            2. Economic Adjustments
                                                                                              1. Deflating for Inflation
                                                                                                1. Real vs. Nominal Values
                                                                                                  1. Seasonal Adjustment
                                                                                                  2. Differencing
                                                                                                    1. First-Order Differencing
                                                                                                      1. Higher-Order Differencing
                                                                                                        1. Seasonal Differencing
                                                                                                      2. Visualizing Time Series Data
                                                                                                        1. Basic Time Plots
                                                                                                          1. Line Plots
                                                                                                            1. Multiple Series Plots
                                                                                                              1. Subplot Arrangements
                                                                                                              2. Seasonal Visualization
                                                                                                                1. Seasonal Plots
                                                                                                                  1. Seasonal Subseries Plots
                                                                                                                    1. Polar Seasonal Plots
                                                                                                                    2. Correlation Visualization
                                                                                                                      1. Lag Plots
                                                                                                                        1. Scatter Plot Matrices
                                                                                                                          1. Correlation Heatmaps
                                                                                                                          2. Distribution Visualization
                                                                                                                            1. Histograms
                                                                                                                              1. Density Plots
                                                                                                                                1. Box Plots by Period
                                                                                                                                2. Advanced Visualization
                                                                                                                                  1. Calendar Plots
                                                                                                                                    1. Spectral Plots
                                                                                                                                      1. Phase Plots

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                                                                                                                                  1. Introduction to Time Series

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                                                                                                                                  3. Descriptive Analysis and Decomposition