Structure and Properties of Materials

  1. Diffusion
    1. Diffusion Mechanisms
      1. Vacancy Diffusion
        1. Atomic Movement Process
          1. Vacancy Concentration Requirements
            1. Temperature Dependence
            2. Interstitial Diffusion
              1. Atomic Movement Process
                1. Size Requirements
                  1. Faster Diffusion Rates
                  2. Grain Boundary Diffusion
                    1. Enhanced Diffusion Paths
                      1. Temperature Effects
                      2. Surface Diffusion
                        1. Surface Migration
                          1. Evaporation-Condensation
                        2. Steady-State Diffusion
                          1. Fick's First Law
                            1. Mathematical Formulation
                              1. Diffusion Coefficient
                                1. Concentration Gradient
                                2. Diffusion in Steady State
                                  1. Constant Concentration Profiles
                                    1. Permeation Through Membranes
                                  2. Nonsteady-State Diffusion
                                    1. Fick's Second Law
                                      1. Mathematical Formulation
                                        1. Partial Differential Equation
                                          1. Boundary Conditions
                                          2. Solutions to Fick's Second Law
                                            1. Error Function Solutions
                                              1. Gaussian Solutions
                                                1. Thin Film Solutions
                                                2. Applications
                                                  1. Carburization
                                                    1. Doping of Semiconductors
                                                      1. Oxidation
                                                    2. Factors Influencing Diffusion
                                                      1. Diffusing Species
                                                        1. Atomic Size
                                                          1. Chemical Affinity
                                                          2. Host Material
                                                            1. Crystal Structure
                                                              1. Bonding Type
                                                                1. Defect Concentration
                                                                2. Temperature
                                                                  1. Arrhenius Relationship
                                                                    1. Activation Energy
                                                                      1. Pre-exponential Factor
                                                                      2. Concentration
                                                                        1. Concentration Dependence
                                                                          1. Chemical Potential Gradients
                                                                          2. Microstructure
                                                                            1. Grain Size Effects
                                                                              1. Phase Boundaries
                                                                                1. Dislocations
                                                                              2. Diffusion Applications
                                                                                1. Heat Treatment Processes
                                                                                  1. Surface Modification
                                                                                    1. Semiconductor Processing
                                                                                      1. Corrosion Processes

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                                                                                    4. Imperfections in Solids

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                                                                                    6. Mechanical Properties of Metals