Structural Geology and Tectonics

  1. Fundamental Concepts of Deformation
    1. Force and Stress
      1. Concept of Force
        1. Definition and Units
          1. Force Vectors
          2. Concept of Stress
            1. Definition of Stress
              1. Stress as Force per Unit Area
                1. Units of Stress
                2. The Stress Tensor
                  1. Components of the Stress Tensor
                    1. Representation in 2D and 3D
                    2. Principal Stresses
                      1. Definition and Physical Meaning
                        1. Determination of Principal Stresses
                          1. Stress Ellipsoid
                          2. Types of Stress States
                            1. Lithostatic Stress
                              1. Deviatoric Stress
                                1. Tensional Stress
                                  1. Compressional Stress
                                    1. Shear Stress
                                    2. Mohr Circle for Stress
                                      1. Construction of Mohr Circle
                                        1. Interpretation of Stress States
                                          1. Applications in Structural Geology
                                        2. Strain
                                          1. Concept of Strain
                                            1. Definition and Types
                                              1. Strain vs. Stress
                                              2. Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Strain
                                                1. Strain Ellipsoid
                                                  1. Geometric Representation
                                                    1. Principal Strain Axes
                                                    2. Types of Strain
                                                      1. Longitudinal Strain
                                                        1. Elongation
                                                          1. Shortening
                                                          2. Shear Strain
                                                            1. Simple Shear
                                                              1. Pure Shear
                                                              2. Volumetric Strain
                                                              3. Quantifying Strain
                                                                1. Stretch
                                                                  1. Quadratic Elongation
                                                                    1. Shear Strain
                                                                      1. Strain Ratio
                                                                      2. Progressive Deformation
                                                                        1. Incremental vs. Finite Strain
                                                                          1. Coaxial Strain
                                                                            1. Non-coaxial Strain
                                                                              1. Strain Paths
                                                                            2. Rheology
                                                                              1. Definition of Rheology
                                                                                1. Elastic Deformation
                                                                                  1. Hooke's Law
                                                                                    1. Elastic Limit
                                                                                      1. Elastic Moduli
                                                                                      2. Plastic Deformation
                                                                                        1. Yield Strength
                                                                                          1. Permanent Deformation
                                                                                            1. Flow Laws
                                                                                            2. Viscous Deformation
                                                                                              1. Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Behavior
                                                                                                1. Viscosity in Rocks
                                                                                                2. Brittle Failure
                                                                                                  1. Fracture and Faulting
                                                                                                    1. Conditions for Brittle Behavior
                                                                                                    2. Factors Controlling Rheology
                                                                                                      1. Temperature Effects
                                                                                                        1. Confining Pressure Effects
                                                                                                          1. Fluid Pressure Effects
                                                                                                            1. Strain Rate Effects
                                                                                                              1. Rock Composition and Mineralogy
                                                                                                                1. Presence of Fluids

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                                                                                                            1. Introduction to Structural Geology and Tectonics

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                                                                                                            3. Brittle Structures and Faulting