Sailing

As a field of applied science and a mode of transportation, sailing is the practice of propelling a vessel by harnessing wind power through the sophisticated application of aerodynamics and hydrodynamics. Aerodynamic principles allow sails to generate thrust much like an airplane's wing, while hydrodynamic forces on the hull, keel, and rudder provide stability and directional control as the boat moves through the water. While historically a primary means of global exploration and trade, sailing has since evolved into a popular recreational pastime and competitive sport that requires a deep understanding of physics, engineering, and natural elements.

1. Introduction to Sailing
   1. History and Evolution of Sailing
      1. Ancient Maritime Cultures
         1. Egyptian River Sailing
         2. Phoenician Trading Vessels
         3. Greek and Roman Naval Development
      2. Medieval Sailing Advances
         1. Viking Longships
         2. Mediterranean Lateen Rigs
         3. Hanseatic League Trading
      3. Age of Exploration
         1. Portuguese Caravels
         2. Spanish Galleons
         3. Dutch East India Company Ships
      4. Industrial Revolution Impact
         1. Steam-Sail Hybrid Vessels
         2. Clipper Ship Era
         3. Transition to Steel Hulls
      5. Modern Sailing Development
         1. Fiberglass Revolution
         2. Electronic Navigation Integration
         3. Contemporary Racing Innovations
   2. Types of Sailing Vessels
      1. Small Boat Categories
         1. Dinghies
            1. Single-Handed Dinghies
            2. Double-Handed Dinghies
            3. Training Dinghies
         2. Day Sailers
            1. Centerboard Day Sailers
            2. Keel Day Sailers
            3. Trailerable Day Sailers
      2. Keelboats
         1. Cruising Keelboats
            1. Coastal Cruisers
            2. Bluewater Cruisers
            3. Motor Sailers
         2. Racing Keelboats
            1. One-Design Classes
            2. Handicap Racing Boats
            3. Grand Prix Racing Yachts
      3. Multihulls
         1. Catamarans
            1. Cruising Catamarans
            2. Racing Catamarans
            3. Beach Cats
         2. Trimarans
            1. Cruising Trimarans
            2. Racing Trimarans
            3. Folding Trimarans
      4. Traditional Sailing Craft
         1. Gaff-Rigged Vessels
         2. Square-Rigged Ships
         3. Working Boats
   3. Sailing Disciplines and Activities
      1. Recreational Sailing
         1. Day Sailing
         2. Weekend Cruising
         3. Extended Cruising
         4. Liveaboard Sailing
      2. Competitive Sailing
         1. Fleet Racing
         2. Match Racing
         3. Team Racing
         4. Offshore Racing
      3. Specialized Sailing
         1. Sailing Education
         2. Therapeutic Sailing
         3. Adventure Sailing