Power Systems Analysis

  1. Economic Operation of Power Systems
    1. Economic Dispatch
      1. Generator Input-Output Characteristics
        1. Heat Rate Curves
          1. Heat Rate Definition
            1. Efficiency Relationships
            2. Cost Functions
              1. Fuel Cost Curves
                1. Quadratic Cost Functions
              2. Incremental Cost Curves
                1. Incremental Heat Rate
                  1. Incremental Fuel Cost
                    1. Lambda Coordination
                    2. Economic Dispatch without Losses
                      1. Lambda-Iteration Method
                        1. Algorithm Steps
                          1. Convergence Criteria
                          2. Solution Algorithm
                            1. Iterative Procedure
                              1. Constraint Handling
                            2. Economic Dispatch with Transmission Losses
                              1. Penalty Factors
                                1. Definition and Calculation
                                  1. Loss Sensitivity Factors
                                  2. B-Coefficients
                                    1. Loss Formula Coefficients
                                      1. Matrix Representation
                                      2. Loss Formula
                                        1. Quadratic Loss Formula
                                          1. Loss Calculation Methods
                                      3. Unit Commitment
                                        1. Problem Formulation
                                          1. Objective Function
                                            1. Production Cost Minimization
                                              1. Start-Up and Shut-Down Costs
                                              2. Decision Variables
                                                1. Unit On/Off Status
                                                  1. Generation Levels
                                                2. Constraints
                                                  1. Minimum and Maximum Generation Limits
                                                    1. Unit Capacity Constraints
                                                      1. Ramp Rate Constraints
                                                      2. Minimum Up and Down Times
                                                        1. Unit Operating Constraints
                                                          1. Maintenance Requirements
                                                          2. Spinning Reserve Requirements
                                                            1. Reserve Margin Constraints
                                                              1. Reliability Requirements
                                                            2. Solution Methods
                                                              1. Priority-List Method
                                                                1. Merit Order Approach
                                                                  1. Heuristic Rules
                                                                  2. Dynamic Programming
                                                                    1. State Space Representation
                                                                      1. Optimization Principles
                                                                  3. Optimal Power Flow
                                                                    1. Problem Formulation
                                                                      1. Objective Functions
                                                                        1. Cost Minimization
                                                                          1. Loss Minimization
                                                                            1. Emission Minimization
                                                                            2. Control Variables and Constraints
                                                                              1. Generator Real Power
                                                                                1. Generator Voltage Settings
                                                                                  1. Transformer Tap Settings
                                                                                    1. Shunt Compensator Settings
                                                                                  2. Solution Techniques
                                                                                    1. Linear Programming
                                                                                      1. DC Power Flow Approximation
                                                                                        1. Simplex Method
                                                                                        2. Nonlinear Programming
                                                                                          1. Newton-Based Methods
                                                                                            1. Interior Point Methods
                                                                                            2. Security-Constrained OPF
                                                                                              1. Contingency Constraints
                                                                                                1. Preventive vs Corrective Control

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                                                                                          6. Power System Stability

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                                                                                          8. Power System Protection