Polymer Science and Engineering

  1. Polymer Synthesis
    1. Step-Growth Polymerization
      1. Reaction Chemistry
        1. Polycondensation
          1. Mechanism of Polycondensation
            1. Byproduct Formation and Removal
              1. Equilibrium Considerations
              2. Polyaddition
                1. Mechanism of Polyaddition
                  1. No Byproduct Formation
                2. Kinetics of Step-Growth Polymerization
                  1. Rate Equations
                    1. Extent of Reaction
                      1. Relationship to Molecular Weight
                      2. Stoichiometric Control
                        1. Effect of Monomer Ratio
                          1. Carothers Equation
                            1. Nonstoichiometric Effects
                            2. Molecular Weight Control
                              1. Limiting Factors
                                1. Chain Termination Methods
                                  1. Monofunctional Additives
                                  2. Examples of Step-Growth Polymers
                                    1. Polyesters
                                      1. Synthesis Routes
                                        1. Properties and Applications
                                        2. Polyamides
                                          1. Synthesis Routes
                                            1. Properties and Applications
                                            2. Polyurethanes
                                              1. Synthesis Routes
                                                1. Properties and Applications
                                                2. Polycarbonates
                                                  1. Synthesis Routes
                                                    1. Properties and Applications
                                                    2. Epoxy Resins
                                                      1. Synthesis and Curing
                                                        1. Properties and Applications
                                                    3. Chain-Growth Polymerization
                                                      1. General Mechanism
                                                        1. Initiation
                                                          1. Initiator Types
                                                            1. Initiation Steps
                                                              1. Active Center Formation
                                                              2. Propagation
                                                                1. Chain Growth Steps
                                                                  1. Propagation Rate Constants
                                                                  2. Termination
                                                                    1. Combination Termination
                                                                      1. Disproportionation Termination
                                                                      2. Chain Transfer
                                                                        1. Chain Transfer to Monomer
                                                                          1. Chain Transfer to Solvent
                                                                            1. Chain Transfer Agents
                                                                          2. Free-Radical Polymerization
                                                                            1. Initiators and Initiation Methods
                                                                              1. Thermal Initiators
                                                                                1. Photoinitiators
                                                                                  1. Redox Initiators
                                                                                    1. Initiator Efficiency
                                                                                    2. Kinetics and Rate Expressions
                                                                                      1. Rate of Initiation
                                                                                        1. Rate of Propagation
                                                                                          1. Rate of Termination
                                                                                            1. Overall Rate of Polymerization
                                                                                            2. Steady-State Approximation
                                                                                              1. Autoacceleration
                                                                                                1. Trommsdorff-Norrish Effect
                                                                                                  1. Gel Effect
                                                                                                    1. Causes and Consequences
                                                                                                    2. Controlled Radical Polymerization
                                                                                                      1. Principles of Living Polymerization
                                                                                                        1. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
                                                                                                          1. Mechanism
                                                                                                            1. Catalyst Systems
                                                                                                            2. Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain-Transfer
                                                                                                              1. Mechanism
                                                                                                                1. RAFT Agents
                                                                                                                2. Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization
                                                                                                                  1. Mechanism
                                                                                                                    1. Nitroxide Compounds
                                                                                                                3. Ionic Polymerization
                                                                                                                  1. Anionic Polymerization
                                                                                                                    1. Initiators
                                                                                                                      1. Living Polymerization Characteristics
                                                                                                                        1. Termination Methods
                                                                                                                          1. Solvent Effects
                                                                                                                          2. Cationic Polymerization
                                                                                                                            1. Initiators
                                                                                                                              1. Chain Transfer and Termination
                                                                                                                                1. Counterion Effects
                                                                                                                                  1. Solvent Effects
                                                                                                                                2. Coordination Polymerization
                                                                                                                                  1. Ziegler-Natta Catalysis
                                                                                                                                    1. Catalyst Components
                                                                                                                                      1. Mechanism
                                                                                                                                        1. Industrial Applications
                                                                                                                                          1. Stereochemical Control
                                                                                                                                          2. Metallocene Catalysis
                                                                                                                                            1. Structure of Metallocenes
                                                                                                                                              1. Mechanism
                                                                                                                                                1. Single-Site Catalysts
                                                                                                                                                2. Stereochemistry and Tacticity Control
                                                                                                                                                  1. Isotactic Control
                                                                                                                                                    1. Syndiotactic Control
                                                                                                                                                      1. Atactic Formation
                                                                                                                                                  2. Copolymerization
                                                                                                                                                    1. Types of Copolymers
                                                                                                                                                      1. Random Copolymers
                                                                                                                                                        1. Alternating Copolymers
                                                                                                                                                          1. Block Copolymers
                                                                                                                                                            1. Graft Copolymers
                                                                                                                                                            2. Copolymer Composition Equation
                                                                                                                                                              1. Reactivity Ratios
                                                                                                                                                                1. Definition and Significance
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Determination Methods
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Interpretation of Values
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Azeotropic Copolymerization
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Definition and Conditions
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Significance in Processing

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                                                                                                                                                                    1. Introduction to Polymer Science and Engineering

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                                                                                                                                                                    3. Polymer Structure and Molecular Weight