Planting Design

  1. Ecological and Sustainable Planting Strategies
    1. Native and Adapted Plantings
      1. Defining Native Species
        1. Indigenous Plants
          1. Historical Presence
            1. Genetic Provenance
            2. Defining Naturalized Species
              1. Non-native Established Plants
                1. Beneficial Introductions
                  1. Stable Populations
                  2. Defining Invasive Species
                    1. Aggressive Spreaders
                      1. Ecological Disruption
                        1. Management Challenges
                        2. Benefits of Native Plants
                          1. Adaptation to Local Conditions
                            1. Climate Adaptation
                              1. Soil Compatibility
                                1. Pest Resistance
                                2. Support for Local Wildlife
                                  1. Food Web Support
                                    1. Habitat Provision
                                      1. Pollinator Support
                                    2. Regional Plant Communities
                                      1. Ecoregion Identification
                                        1. Biogeographic Regions
                                          1. Climate Zones
                                            1. Soil Associations
                                            2. Reference Ecosystems
                                              1. Natural Models
                                                1. Community Structure
                                                  1. Species Associations
                                              2. Water-wise Design
                                                1. Principles of Water Conservation
                                                  1. Efficient Water Use
                                                    1. Water Budget Planning
                                                      1. Conservation Techniques
                                                        1. Monitoring Systems
                                                        2. Minimizing Turf Areas
                                                          1. Turf Alternatives
                                                            1. Functional Turf Areas
                                                              1. Maintenance Reduction
                                                            2. Drought-tolerant Plant Selection
                                                              1. Xerophytic Plants
                                                                1. Mediterranean Plants
                                                                  1. Prairie Plants
                                                                    1. Succulent Plants
                                                                    2. Efficient Irrigation Techniques
                                                                      1. Drip Irrigation
                                                                        1. Point Source Irrigation
                                                                          1. Micro-spray Systems
                                                                            1. Efficiency Benefits
                                                                            2. Rainwater Harvesting
                                                                              1. Collection Systems
                                                                                1. Storage Methods
                                                                                  1. Distribution Systems
                                                                              2. Designing for Biodiversity and Habitat
                                                                                1. Pollinator Gardens
                                                                                  1. Attracting Bees
                                                                                    1. Native Bee Plants
                                                                                      1. Honey Bee Plants
                                                                                        1. Nesting Sites
                                                                                        2. Attracting Butterflies
                                                                                          1. Nectar Plants
                                                                                            1. Host Plants
                                                                                              1. Shelter Requirements
                                                                                            2. Bird-friendly Landscapes
                                                                                              1. Food Sources
                                                                                                1. Seed-producing Plants
                                                                                                  1. Berry-producing Plants
                                                                                                    1. Insect-supporting Plants
                                                                                                    2. Nesting Sites
                                                                                                      1. Dense Shrubs
                                                                                                        1. Cavity Trees
                                                                                                          1. Ground Nesting Areas
                                                                                                        2. Supporting Beneficial Insects
                                                                                                          1. Habitat Features
                                                                                                            1. Overwintering Sites
                                                                                                              1. Diverse Plant Communities
                                                                                                                1. Pesticide-free Zones
                                                                                                              2. Use of Keystone Species
                                                                                                                1. Ecologically Important Plants
                                                                                                                  1. High Wildlife Value
                                                                                                                    1. Community Support Species
                                                                                                                  2. Soil Health and Management
                                                                                                                    1. Composting
                                                                                                                      1. Compost Production
                                                                                                                        1. Application Methods
                                                                                                                          1. Soil Improvement Benefits
                                                                                                                          2. Mulching
                                                                                                                            1. Organic Mulches
                                                                                                                              1. Inorganic Mulches
                                                                                                                                1. Application Techniques
                                                                                                                                2. Reducing Soil Compaction
                                                                                                                                  1. Traffic Management
                                                                                                                                    1. Soil Structure Protection
                                                                                                                                      1. Remediation Techniques
                                                                                                                                      2. Organic Soil Amendments
                                                                                                                                        1. Compost Applications
                                                                                                                                          1. Organic Matter Addition
                                                                                                                                            1. Nutrient Enhancement
                                                                                                                                            2. Soil Microbial Health
                                                                                                                                              1. Beneficial Microorganisms
                                                                                                                                                1. Mycorrhizal Relationships
                                                                                                                                                  1. Soil Biology Support
                                                                                                                                                2. Phytoremediation
                                                                                                                                                  1. Principles of Phytoremediation
                                                                                                                                                    1. Contaminant Uptake
                                                                                                                                                      1. Plant-based Cleanup
                                                                                                                                                        1. Soil Restoration
                                                                                                                                                        2. Plants for Soil Remediation
                                                                                                                                                          1. Heavy Metal Accumulators
                                                                                                                                                            1. Organic Contaminant Processors
                                                                                                                                                              1. Salt-tolerant Species
                                                                                                                                                              2. Plants for Water Remediation
                                                                                                                                                                1. Wetland Plants
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Nutrient Uptake Species
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Water Quality Improvement

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                                                                                                                                                                4. Principles of Planting Composition

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                                                                                                                                                                6. Specialized Planting Typologies