Parallel and Distributed Computing

  1. Fault Tolerance in Distributed Systems
    1. Failure Detection
      1. Timeout-based Detection
        1. Heartbeat Mechanisms
          1. Failure Detectors
            1. Perfect Failure Detectors
              1. Eventually Perfect Failure Detectors
                1. Strong Failure Detectors
                  1. Weak Failure Detectors
                2. Fault Tolerance Techniques
                  1. Redundancy
                    1. Hardware Redundancy
                      1. Software Redundancy
                        1. Information Redundancy
                        2. Checkpointing and Recovery
                          1. Independent Checkpointing
                            1. Coordinated Checkpointing
                              1. Communication-Induced Checkpointing
                                1. Log-based Recovery
                                2. Replication-based Fault Tolerance
                                  1. Active Replication
                                    1. Passive Replication
                                      1. Semi-active Replication
                                    2. Recovery Strategies
                                      1. Backward Recovery
                                        1. Forward Recovery
                                          1. Rollback Recovery
                                            1. Message Logging
                                            2. Reliable Communication
                                              1. At-most-once Semantics
                                                1. At-least-once Semantics
                                                  1. Exactly-once Semantics
                                                    1. Reliable Multicast

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                                                  6. Replication and Consistency

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                                                  8. Distributed Algorithms