Nuclear and Particle Physics

  1. Radioactive Decay and Nuclear Reactions
    1. Radioactive Decay Laws
      1. Exponential Decay Law
        1. Decay Constant
          1. Activity Definition
            1. Statistical Nature of Decay
            2. Decay Parameters
              1. Half-Life
                1. Relationship to Decay Constant
                  1. Measurement Techniques
                  2. Mean Lifetime
                    1. Average Decay Time
                      1. Relationship to Half-Life
                      2. Branching Ratios
                        1. Multiple Decay Modes
                          1. Partial Half-Lives
                        2. Decay Chains
                          1. Sequential Decay
                            1. Secular Equilibrium
                              1. Transient Equilibrium
                                1. Natural Decay Series
                                  1. Uranium Series
                                    1. Thorium Series
                                      1. Actinium Series
                                  2. Alpha Decay
                                    1. Alpha Decay Energetics
                                      1. Q-Value Calculation
                                        1. Mass-Energy Balance
                                          1. Kinetic Energy Distribution
                                          2. Geiger-Nuttal Rule
                                            1. Decay Constant vs Q-Value
                                              1. Empirical Relationships
                                            2. Quantum Mechanics of Alpha Decay
                                              1. Gamow Theory
                                                1. Barrier Penetration
                                                  1. Tunneling Probability
                                                  2. Alpha Particle Formation
                                                    1. Preformation Probability
                                                      1. Cluster Models
                                                    2. Alpha Spectroscopy
                                                      1. Discrete Energy Spectra
                                                        1. Fine Structure
                                                          1. Hindrance Factors
                                                        2. Beta Decay
                                                          1. Types of Beta Decay
                                                            1. Beta-Minus Decay
                                                              1. Neutron to Proton Conversion
                                                                1. Electron and Antineutrino Emission
                                                                2. Beta-Plus Decay
                                                                  1. Proton to Neutron Conversion
                                                                    1. Positron and Neutrino Emission
                                                                    2. Electron Capture
                                                                      1. Orbital Electron Capture
                                                                        1. Competing with Beta-Plus
                                                                      2. Neutrino Physics
                                                                        1. Neutrino Hypothesis
                                                                          1. Pauli's Proposal
                                                                            1. Energy and Momentum Conservation
                                                                            2. Neutrino Detection
                                                                              1. Cowan-Reines Experiment
                                                                                1. Neutrino Cross Sections
                                                                                2. Neutrino Properties
                                                                                  1. Mass Limits
                                                                                    1. Flavor Oscillations
                                                                                  2. Beta Decay Theory
                                                                                    1. Fermi Theory
                                                                                      1. Four-Fermion Interaction
                                                                                        1. Coupling Constant
                                                                                        2. Allowed Transitions
                                                                                          1. Fermi Transitions
                                                                                            1. Gamow-Teller Transitions
                                                                                              1. Selection Rules
                                                                                              2. Forbidden Transitions
                                                                                                1. Higher Order Multipoles
                                                                                                  1. Log ft Values
                                                                                                2. Weak Interaction Properties
                                                                                                  1. Parity Violation
                                                                                                    1. Wu Experiment
                                                                                                      1. Helicity of Neutrinos
                                                                                                      2. V-A Theory
                                                                                                        1. Vector-Axial Vector Coupling
                                                                                                          1. Chirality
                                                                                                      3. Gamma Decay and Nuclear Excitations
                                                                                                        1. Gamma Ray Emission
                                                                                                          1. Nuclear Excited States
                                                                                                            1. Excitation Mechanisms
                                                                                                              1. Level Schemes
                                                                                                              2. Electromagnetic Transitions
                                                                                                                1. Electric Multipoles
                                                                                                                  1. Magnetic Multipoles
                                                                                                                    1. Mixed Transitions
                                                                                                                  2. Transition Probabilities
                                                                                                                    1. Weisskopf Estimates
                                                                                                                      1. Single-Particle Estimates
                                                                                                                        1. Enhancement and Hindrance
                                                                                                                        2. Selection Rules
                                                                                                                          1. Angular Momentum Conservation
                                                                                                                            1. Parity Conservation
                                                                                                                            2. Lifetime Measurements
                                                                                                                              1. Direct Methods
                                                                                                                                1. Indirect Methods
                                                                                                                              2. Internal Conversion
                                                                                                                                1. Conversion Process
                                                                                                                                  1. Electron Emission
                                                                                                                                    1. Conversion Coefficients
                                                                                                                                    2. Auger Electrons
                                                                                                                                      1. Atomic Rearrangement
                                                                                                                                        1. Cascade Processes
                                                                                                                                      2. Nuclear Isomerism
                                                                                                                                        1. Metastable States
                                                                                                                                          1. Long-Lived Excited States
                                                                                                                                            1. Isomeric Ratios
                                                                                                                                            2. Internal Conversion Spectroscopy
                                                                                                                                              1. Electron Spectroscopy
                                                                                                                                                1. Conversion Line Analysis
                                                                                                                                            3. Nuclear Reactions
                                                                                                                                              1. Reaction Kinematics
                                                                                                                                                1. Conservation Laws
                                                                                                                                                  1. Energy Conservation
                                                                                                                                                    1. Momentum Conservation
                                                                                                                                                      1. Angular Momentum Conservation
                                                                                                                                                      2. Q-Value Calculations
                                                                                                                                                        1. Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
                                                                                                                                                          1. Threshold Energy
                                                                                                                                                          2. Laboratory and Center-of-Mass Frames
                                                                                                                                                            1. Frame Transformations
                                                                                                                                                              1. Cross Section Relations
                                                                                                                                                            2. Reaction Cross Sections
                                                                                                                                                              1. Definition and Units
                                                                                                                                                                1. Barn Unit
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Differential Cross Sections
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Energy Dependence
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Resonance Behavior
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Smooth Background
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Angular Distributions
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Legendre Polynomial Expansion
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Asymmetry Parameters
                                                                                                                                                                        2. Reaction Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Direct Reactions
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Single-Step Processes
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Stripping Reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Pickup Reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Elastic and Inelastic Scattering
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Compound Nucleus Reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Formation and Decay
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Statistical Model
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Resonance Phenomena
                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Pre-Equilibrium Reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Intermediate Complexity
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Exciton Model
                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Specific Reaction Types
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Charged Particle Reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Coulomb Barrier Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Penetration Factors
                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Neutron-Induced Reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Thermal Neutron Reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Fast Neutron Reactions
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Neutron Capture
                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Photodisintegration
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Giant Resonances
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Photoneutron Reactions

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                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Nuclear Structure and Properties

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                                                                                                                                                                                                    4. Nuclear Fission and Fusion