Molecular Diagnostics

  1. Clinical Applications of Molecular Diagnostics
    1. Infectious Disease Testing
      1. Viral Diagnostics
        1. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
          1. Viral Load Quantification
            1. Genotypic Resistance Testing
              1. Tropism Testing
              2. Hepatitis Viruses
                1. Hepatitis B Virus Detection
                  1. Hepatitis C Virus Genotyping
                    1. Viral Load Monitoring
                    2. Human Papillomavirus
                      1. High-Risk Type Detection
                        1. Genotyping Methods
                          1. Cervical Cancer Screening
                          2. Respiratory Viruses
                            1. Influenza A and B
                              1. SARS-CoV-2
                                1. Respiratory Syncytial Virus
                                  1. Multiplex Respiratory Panels
                                  2. Herpes Viruses
                                    1. Herpes Simplex Virus
                                      1. Cytomegalovirus
                                        1. Epstein-Barr Virus
                                      2. Bacterial Diagnostics
                                        1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
                                          1. Direct Detection
                                            1. Drug Resistance Testing
                                              1. Rifampin Resistance
                                                1. Isoniazid Resistance
                                                2. Sepsis Pathogen Identification
                                                  1. Blood Culture-Independent Methods
                                                    1. Broad-Range PCR
                                                      1. Multiplex Panels
                                                      2. Gastrointestinal Pathogens
                                                        1. Clostridium difficile
                                                          1. Campylobacter
                                                            1. Salmonella
                                                              1. Shigella
                                                            2. Antimicrobial Resistance
                                                              1. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
                                                                1. Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci
                                                                  1. Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases
                                                                    1. Carbapenemase-Producing Organisms
                                                                    2. Fungal and Parasitic Diagnostics
                                                                      1. Pneumocystis jirovecii
                                                                        1. Aspergillus Species
                                                                          1. Candida Species
                                                                            1. Malaria Parasites
                                                                          2. Oncology Applications
                                                                            1. Tumor Classification and Diagnosis
                                                                              1. Molecular Subtyping
                                                                                1. Fusion Gene Detection
                                                                                  1. Immunohistochemistry Correlation
                                                                                  2. Somatic Mutation Analysis
                                                                                    1. Hotspot Mutation Testing
                                                                                      1. Tumor Mutation Burden
                                                                                        1. Microsatellite Instability
                                                                                          1. Mismatch Repair Deficiency
                                                                                          2. Hereditary Cancer Testing
                                                                                            1. BRCA1 and BRCA2 Testing
                                                                                              1. Mutation Detection Methods
                                                                                                1. Large Rearrangement Analysis
                                                                                                  1. Clinical Interpretation
                                                                                                  2. Lynch Syndrome Testing
                                                                                                    1. Mismatch Repair Genes
                                                                                                      1. Tumor Testing Strategies
                                                                                                      2. Other Hereditary Cancer Syndromes
                                                                                                        1. Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
                                                                                                          1. Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer
                                                                                                            1. Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
                                                                                                          2. Targeted Therapy Selection
                                                                                                            1. EGFR Testing in Lung Cancer
                                                                                                              1. Mutation Detection
                                                                                                                1. Resistance Mechanisms
                                                                                                                2. BRAF Testing in Melanoma
                                                                                                                  1. V600E Mutation
                                                                                                                    1. Therapeutic Implications
                                                                                                                    2. HER2 Testing in Breast Cancer
                                                                                                                      1. Amplification Detection
                                                                                                                        1. Expression Analysis
                                                                                                                        2. KRAS Testing in Colorectal Cancer
                                                                                                                          1. Mutation Analysis
                                                                                                                            1. Anti-EGFR Therapy Selection
                                                                                                                          2. Minimal Residual Disease Monitoring
                                                                                                                            1. Quantitative PCR Methods
                                                                                                                              1. Flow Cytometry Integration
                                                                                                                                1. NGS-Based Approaches
                                                                                                                                2. Liquid Biopsy
                                                                                                                                  1. Circulating Tumor DNA
                                                                                                                                    1. Detection Methods
                                                                                                                                      1. Quantification Strategies
                                                                                                                                        1. Monitoring Applications
                                                                                                                                        2. Circulating Tumor Cells
                                                                                                                                          1. Isolation Techniques
                                                                                                                                            1. Characterization Methods
                                                                                                                                        3. Genetic and Inherited Disorders
                                                                                                                                          1. Prenatal Testing
                                                                                                                                            1. Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing
                                                                                                                                              1. Cell-Free Fetal DNA Analysis
                                                                                                                                                1. Aneuploidy Detection
                                                                                                                                                  1. Microdeletion Screening
                                                                                                                                                  2. Invasive Prenatal Testing
                                                                                                                                                    1. Chorionic Villus Sampling
                                                                                                                                                      1. Amniocentesis
                                                                                                                                                        1. Chromosomal Microarray Analysis
                                                                                                                                                      2. Newborn Screening
                                                                                                                                                        1. Metabolic Disorders
                                                                                                                                                          1. Endocrine Disorders
                                                                                                                                                            1. Hemoglobin Disorders
                                                                                                                                                              1. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
                                                                                                                                                              2. Single Gene Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                1. Cystic Fibrosis
                                                                                                                                                                  1. CFTR Gene Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Mutation Spectrum
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Sickle Cell Disease
                                                                                                                                                                      1. HBB Gene Testing
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Hemoglobin Variants
                                                                                                                                                                        2. Huntington Disease
                                                                                                                                                                          1. CAG Repeat Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Predictive Testing
                                                                                                                                                                            2. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Dystrophin Gene Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Deletion and Duplication Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Chromosomal Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Aneuploidy Detection
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Structural Rearrangements
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Mosaicism Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Complex Disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Polygenic Risk Scores
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Genome-Wide Association Studies
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Multifactorial Inheritance
                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Pharmacogenomics
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Drug Metabolism Genes
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Cytochrome P450 Enzymes
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. CYP2D6 Polymorphisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. CYP2C19 Variants
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. CYP2C9 Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. CYP3A4 Variations
                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Phase II Enzymes
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. UGT1A1 Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. TPMT Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. DPYD Variants
                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Drug Target Genes
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Warfarin Dosing
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. VKORC1 Variants
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. CYP2C9 Polymorphisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Clopidogrel Response
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. CYP2C19 Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Abacavir Hypersensitivity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. HLA-B*5701 Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                3. Clinical Implementation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Preemptive Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Point-of-Care Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Clinical Decision Support
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Human Identity Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Forensic Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Short Tandem Repeat Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. CODIS Markers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Y-Chromosome STRs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. X-Chromosome STRs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Mitochondrial DNA Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Hypervariable Regions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Maternal Lineage Tracing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Ancestry Informative Markers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Phenotype Prediction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Paternity Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Autosomal STR Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Statistical Calculations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Exclusion Criteria
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Mass Disaster Victim Identification
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. DNA Database Searching
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Kinship Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Degraded Sample Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Transplant Monitoring
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Chimerism Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. STR-Based Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Quantitative Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Engraftment Monitoring

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5. Laboratory Operations and Quality Management