Internet of Things (IoT)

  1. IoT System Architecture
    1. Architectural Models
      1. Four-Layer Architecture
        1. Perception Layer
          1. Network Layer
            1. Processing Layer
              1. Application Layer
              2. Three-Layer Architecture
                1. Physical Layer
                  1. Network Layer
                    1. Application Layer
                    2. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
                      1. Service Components
                        1. Service Interactions
                          1. Service Management
                        2. Device Layer Components
                          1. Embedded Systems
                            1. Microcontrollers
                              1. Microprocessors
                                1. System-on-Chip (SoC)
                                  1. Embedded Operating Systems
                                  2. Sensors
                                    1. Sensor Types and Categories
                                      1. Sensor Calibration
                                        1. Data Acquisition Methods
                                        2. Actuators
                                          1. Actuator Types
                                            1. Control Mechanisms
                                              1. Feedback Systems
                                              2. Device Identity and Management
                                                1. Unique Identification Systems
                                                  1. Device Provisioning
                                                    1. Remote Management Capabilities
                                                  2. Connectivity Layer
                                                    1. Network Topologies
                                                      1. Star Topology
                                                        1. Mesh Topology
                                                          1. Tree Topology
                                                            1. Hybrid Topologies
                                                            2. Gateways and Edge Devices
                                                              1. Gateway Functions
                                                                1. Protocol Translation
                                                                  1. Data Aggregation
                                                                    1. Edge Processing
                                                                    2. Network Protocols
                                                                      1. Protocol Stack Architecture
                                                                        1. Protocol Selection Criteria
                                                                          1. Interoperability Considerations
                                                                        2. Data Processing Layer
                                                                          1. Cloud Computing Platforms
                                                                            1. Infrastructure Services
                                                                              1. Platform Services
                                                                                1. Software Services
                                                                                  1. Scalability Features
                                                                                  2. Edge Computing
                                                                                    1. Local Data Processing
                                                                                      1. Latency Reduction
                                                                                        1. Bandwidth Optimization
                                                                                          1. Offline Operation
                                                                                          2. Fog Computing
                                                                                            1. Distributed Processing Architecture
                                                                                              1. Hierarchical Computing Models
                                                                                                1. Resource Management
                                                                                                2. Data Analytics Capabilities
                                                                                                  1. Real-time Analytics
                                                                                                    1. Batch Processing
                                                                                                      1. Machine Learning Integration
                                                                                                    2. Application Layer
                                                                                                      1. User Interfaces
                                                                                                        1. Mobile Applications
                                                                                                          1. Web Applications
                                                                                                            1. Dashboard Systems
                                                                                                            2. Business Logic Integration
                                                                                                              1. Workflow Automation
                                                                                                                1. Enterprise System Integration
                                                                                                                  1. Process Orchestration
                                                                                                                  2. APIs and Integration
                                                                                                                    1. RESTful APIs
                                                                                                                      1. GraphQL APIs
                                                                                                                        1. Webhook Integration
                                                                                                                          1. Third-party Service Integration

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                                                                                                                      1. Introduction to the Internet of Things (IoT)

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                                                                                                                      3. IoT Hardware and Embedded Systems