International Management

International Management is the process of applying management concepts and techniques to business operations in a multinational environment, coordinating activities that cross national borders. It extends the principles of general management by addressing the unique challenges and opportunities that arise from operating in different countries, requiring leaders to navigate diverse cultural norms, legal systems, political landscapes, and economic conditions. The core focus is on developing global strategies, managing a diverse international workforce, and adapting organizational practices to effectively control and integrate dispersed operations to achieve a firm's objectives on a global scale.

1. Introduction to International Management
   1. Defining International Management
      1. Core Concepts and Terminology
      2. Scope and Nature of International Management
      3. Key Characteristics of International Business
      4. Roles and Responsibilities of International Managers
      5. Skills and Competencies Required
   2. The International Business Environment
      1. Types of International Business Activities
         1. Trade in Goods and Services
         2. Foreign Direct Investment
         3. Portfolio Investment
         4. Licensing and Technology Transfer
      2. International Trade vs. International Investment
      3. Sectors Involved in International Business
         1. Manufacturing
         2. Services
         3. Natural Resources
         4. Technology and Innovation
   3. Globalization and its Impact
      1. Definition and Dimensions of Globalization
         1. Economic Globalization
         2. Political Globalization
         3. Cultural Globalization
         4. Technological Globalization
      2. Drivers of Globalization
         1. Economic Drivers
         2. Technological Drivers
         3. Political and Legal Drivers
         4. Socio-cultural Drivers
         5. Environmental Drivers
      3. Benefits and Challenges of Globalization
      4. Anti-Globalization Movements and Responses
   4. Evolution of International Business
      1. Historical Development of International Trade
      2. The Rise of Multinational Corporations
      3. Types of International Companies
         1. Multinational Enterprises
         2. Transnational Corporations
         3. Global Companies
         4. Born Global Firms
      4. Current Trends in International Business
   5. Distinctions between Domestic and International Management
      1. Complexity and Environmental Diversity
      2. Multiple Stakeholder Management
      3. Cultural and Institutional Differences
      4. Regulatory and Legal Complexity
      5. Currency and Financial Risk
      6. Strategic and Operational Challenges