Inorganic Chemistry

Inorganic chemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the properties and behavior of inorganic compounds, which include metals, minerals, salts, and any other compound not based on carbon-hydrogen bonds. In contrast to organic chemistry, which focuses on the vast world of carbon compounds, inorganic chemistry explores the synthesis, structure, and reactivity of substances from all other elements in the periodic table. This field provides the foundation for understanding everything from the Earth's geology and the function of metals in biological systems to the development of new catalysts, electronic components, and advanced materials.

1. Foundational Principles of Inorganic Chemistry
   1. Atomic Structure and Quantum Mechanics
      1. Historical Development of Atomic Models
         1. Dalton's Atomic Theory
         2. Thomson's Plum Pudding Model
         3. Rutherford's Nuclear Model
         4. Bohr Model
            1. Postulates of the Bohr Model
            2. Energy Levels and Spectral Lines
            3. Limitations of the Bohr Model
      2. Wave-Particle Duality
         1. de Broglie Hypothesis
         2. Matter Waves
         3. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
      3. Quantum Mechanical Model
         1. Schrödinger Equation
            1. Time-Independent Schrödinger Equation
            2. Physical Meaning of the Wavefunction
            3. Probability Density and Orbitals
         2. Quantum Numbers
            1. Principal Quantum Number (n)
            2. Azimuthal Quantum Number (l)
            3. Magnetic Quantum Number (ml)
            4. Spin Quantum Number (ms)
         3. Atomic Orbitals
            1. Shapes and Orientations of s Orbitals
            2. Shapes and Orientations of p Orbitals
            3. Shapes and Orientations of d Orbitals
            4. Shapes and Orientations of f Orbitals
            5. Radial and Angular Nodes
            6. Radial Distribution Functions
      4. Electron Configurations
         1. Aufbau Principle
         2. Pauli Exclusion Principle
         3. Hund's Rule
         4. Writing Electron Configurations for Elements
         5. Noble Gas Notation
         6. Exceptions to Predicted Configurations
      5. Effective Nuclear Charge
         1. Slater's Rules
         2. Shielding Effects
         3. Penetration Effects
         4. Trends Across Periods and Groups
   2. The Periodic Table and Periodic Trends
      1. Structure and Organization of the Periodic Table
         1. Periods and Groups
         2. s-Block Elements
         3. p-Block Elements
         4. d-Block Elements
         5. f-Block Elements
         6. Classification of Elements
            1. Metals
            2. Nonmetals
            3. Metalloids
      2. Periodic Trends
         1. Atomic Radius
            1. Covalent Radius
            2. Van der Waals Radius
            3. Trends Across Periods
            4. Trends Down Groups
            5. Factors Affecting Atomic Size
         2. Ionic Radius
            1. Cation Formation and Size
            2. Anion Formation and Size
            3. Isoelectronic Series
         3. Ionization Energy
            1. First Ionization Energy
            2. Second and Successive Ionization Energies
            3. Factors Affecting Ionization Energy
            4. Periodic Trends in Ionization Energy
         4. Electron Affinity
            1. Definition and Measurement
            2. Periodic Trends
            3. Exceptions and Anomalies
         5. Electronegativity
            1. Pauling Scale
            2. Mulliken Scale
            3. Allred-Rochow Scale
            4. Trends and Applications
         6. Metallic Character
            1. Definition and Properties
            2. Trends Across Periods and Groups
            3. Chemical Behavior Implications
         7. Diagonal Relationships
            1. Li-Mg Relationship
            2. Be-Al Relationship
            3. B-Si Relationship