ICS-SCADA Security

  1. ICS and SCADA Security Controls and Defense-in-Depth
    1. Network Security and Segmentation Strategies
      1. Industrial Demilitarized Zone Implementation
        1. IDMZ Design Principles and Architecture
          1. Placement within Purdue Model Levels
            1. Traffic Flow Control and Monitoring
              1. Redundancy and High Availability Design
              2. Firewall Configuration for Operational Technology
                1. Application-Aware Firewall Rules
                  1. Protocol-Specific Traffic Filtering
                    1. Whitelist-Based Access Control
                      1. Change Management and Documentation
                      2. Unidirectional Security Gateways
                        1. Data Diode Technology Implementation
                          1. One-Way Data Flow Enforcement
                            1. Historian Data Replication
                              1. Limitations and Use Case Considerations
                              2. Network Access Control Systems
                                1. Device Authentication and Authorization
                                  1. Network Segmentation Enforcement
                                    1. Rogue Device Detection
                                      1. Certificate-Based Authentication
                                      2. Virtual LAN Segmentation
                                        1. Traffic Isolation and Segregation
                                          1. VLAN Design and Implementation
                                            1. Inter-VLAN Communication Control
                                              1. Dynamic VLAN Assignment
                                            2. Access Control and Identity Management
                                              1. Role-Based Access Control Implementation
                                                1. User Role Definition and Assignment
                                                  1. Permission Matrix Development
                                                    1. Least Privilege Principle Application
                                                      1. Regular Access Review Processes
                                                      2. Authentication Policy Development
                                                        1. Strong Password Requirements
                                                          1. Password Complexity and Expiration
                                                            1. Account Lockout Policies
                                                              1. Password History and Reuse Prevention
                                                              2. Multi-Factor Authentication Deployment
                                                                1. OT Environment Implementation Challenges
                                                                  1. Token-Based Authentication Systems
                                                                    1. Biometric Authentication Options
                                                                      1. Smart Card Integration
                                                                      2. Privileged Access Management
                                                                        1. Privileged Account Identification
                                                                          1. Just-in-Time Access Provisioning
                                                                            1. Session Recording and Monitoring
                                                                              1. Privileged Credential Rotation
                                                                              2. Account Lifecycle Management
                                                                                1. User Provisioning Processes
                                                                                  1. Access Modification Procedures
                                                                                    1. Account Deprovisioning Controls
                                                                                      1. Orphaned Account Detection
                                                                                    2. System Hardening and Configuration Management
                                                                                      1. Service and Port Management
                                                                                        1. Unnecessary Service Identification
                                                                                          1. Service Disabling Procedures
                                                                                            1. Port Blocking and Filtering
                                                                                              1. Service Configuration Hardening
                                                                                              2. Application Control and Whitelisting
                                                                                                1. Approved Software Inventory
                                                                                                  1. Application Execution Control
                                                                                                    1. Digital Signature Verification
                                                                                                      1. Software Installation Restrictions
                                                                                                      2. Secure Configuration Baseline Management
                                                                                                        1. Configuration Standard Development
                                                                                                          1. Baseline Compliance Monitoring
                                                                                                            1. Configuration Drift Detection
                                                                                                              1. Automated Configuration Management
                                                                                                              2. Patch Management for Operational Technology
                                                                                                                1. Patch Testing and Validation
                                                                                                                  1. Maintenance Window Scheduling
                                                                                                                    1. Vendor Coordination and Communication
                                                                                                                      1. Emergency Patch Deployment Procedures
                                                                                                                    2. Physical Security Implementation
                                                                                                                      1. Equipment and Facility Protection
                                                                                                                        1. Cabinet and Enclosure Security
                                                                                                                          1. Surveillance System Integration
                                                                                                                            1. Access Control System Implementation
                                                                                                                              1. Perimeter Security Measures
                                                                                                                              2. Physical Port and Interface Security
                                                                                                                                1. USB Port Disabling and Blocking
                                                                                                                                  1. Serial Port Access Control
                                                                                                                                    1. Network Port Security
                                                                                                                                      1. Console Access Protection
                                                                                                                                      2. Environmental Control Systems
                                                                                                                                        1. Fire Detection and Suppression
                                                                                                                                          1. Climate Control and Monitoring
                                                                                                                                            1. Power Supply Protection
                                                                                                                                              1. Backup Power Systems
                                                                                                                                            2. Monitoring, Detection, and Response Capabilities
                                                                                                                                              1. Network Security Monitoring for OT
                                                                                                                                                1. Traffic Analysis and Baseline Establishment
                                                                                                                                                  1. Protocol Anomaly Detection
                                                                                                                                                    1. Communication Pattern Monitoring
                                                                                                                                                      1. Asset Discovery and Inventory
                                                                                                                                                      2. Intrusion Detection System Deployment
                                                                                                                                                        1. Signature-Based Detection Rules
                                                                                                                                                          1. Behavioral Anomaly Detection
                                                                                                                                                            1. Protocol-Aware Detection Capabilities
                                                                                                                                                              1. False Positive Reduction Techniques
                                                                                                                                                              2. Security Information and Event Management
                                                                                                                                                                1. Log Collection and Aggregation
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Correlation Rule Development
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Alert Prioritization and Escalation
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Incident Response Integration
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Centralized Logging Infrastructure
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Log Source Identification
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Log Retention Policy Development
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Log Integrity Protection
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Compliance Reporting Capabilities
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Anomaly Detection and Analytics
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Machine Learning-Based Detection
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Statistical Analysis Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Behavioral Baseline Establishment
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Predictive Analytics Implementation
                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Data Protection and Recovery
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Backup and Recovery Strategy Development
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Backup Frequency and Scheduling
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Offsite Storage and Replication
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Recovery Time and Point Objectives
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Backup Testing and Validation
                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Data-at-Rest Encryption
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Storage System Encryption
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Database Encryption Implementation
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Key Management and Rotation
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Performance Impact Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Data-in-Transit Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Secure Communication Protocols
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. VPN Implementation and Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Certificate Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. End-to-End Encryption

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                                                                                                                                                                                                          5. Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Attack Vectors

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                                                                                                                                                                                                          7. Security Assessment and Testing in Operational Technology