Herpetology

  1. Behavior and Ecology
    1. Habitat Use and Niche Partitioning
      1. Aquatic Habitats
        1. Freshwater Systems
          1. Marine Systems
            1. Temporary Water Bodies
            2. Terrestrial Habitats
              1. Forest Ecosystems
                1. Grassland Ecosystems
                  1. Desert Ecosystems
                  2. Arboreal Lifestyles
                    1. Canopy Adaptations
                      1. Vertical Stratification
                      2. Fossorial Lifestyles
                        1. Burrowing Adaptations
                          1. Underground Ecology
                          2. Microhabitat Selection
                            1. Temperature Preferences
                              1. Humidity Requirements
                                1. Substrate Preferences
                              2. Foraging and Feeding Ecology
                                1. Dietary Categories
                                  1. Herbivory
                                    1. Carnivory
                                      1. Insectivory
                                        1. Omnivory
                                          1. Specialized Diets
                                          2. Foraging Strategies
                                            1. Ambush Predation
                                              1. Active Foraging
                                                1. Sit-and-Wait Strategies
                                                  1. Cooperative Hunting
                                                  2. Prey Selection and Handling
                                                    1. Size Constraints
                                                      1. Prey Recognition
                                                        1. Capture Techniques
                                                          1. Processing Methods
                                                          2. Anti-predator Strategies
                                                            1. Crypsis and Camouflage
                                                              1. Aposematism
                                                                1. Mimicry Systems
                                                                  1. Batesian Mimicry
                                                                    1. Müllerian Mimicry
                                                                    2. Chemical Defenses
                                                                      1. Behavioral Defenses
                                                                        1. Threat Displays
                                                                          1. Autotomy
                                                                            1. Thanatosis
                                                                              1. Escape Behaviors
                                                                          2. Social Behavior and Communication
                                                                            1. Visual Communication
                                                                              1. Coloration Patterns
                                                                                1. Body Postures
                                                                                  1. Movement Displays
                                                                                  2. Acoustic Communication
                                                                                    1. Frog Calls and Choruses
                                                                                      1. Reptile Vocalizations
                                                                                        1. Sound Reception
                                                                                        2. Chemical Communication
                                                                                          1. Pheromone Production
                                                                                            1. Scent Marking
                                                                                              1. Chemical Recognition
                                                                                              2. Tactile Communication
                                                                                                1. Courtship Behaviors
                                                                                                  1. Aggressive Interactions
                                                                                                    1. Parental Care Behaviors
                                                                                                    2. Spatial Behavior
                                                                                                      1. Territoriality
                                                                                                        1. Home Range Establishment
                                                                                                          1. Migration Patterns
                                                                                                        2. Reproduction and Life History
                                                                                                          1. Mating Systems
                                                                                                            1. Monogamy
                                                                                                              1. Polygyny
                                                                                                                1. Polyandry
                                                                                                                  1. Promiscuity
                                                                                                                  2. Courtship and Mate Selection
                                                                                                                    1. Courtship Displays
                                                                                                                      1. Mate Choice Criteria
                                                                                                                        1. Sexual Selection
                                                                                                                        2. Fertilization Modes
                                                                                                                          1. External Fertilization
                                                                                                                            1. Internal Fertilization
                                                                                                                              1. Sperm Storage
                                                                                                                              2. Reproductive Modes
                                                                                                                                1. Oviparity
                                                                                                                                  1. Viviparity
                                                                                                                                    1. Ovoviviparity
                                                                                                                                    2. Parental Care
                                                                                                                                      1. Nest Construction
                                                                                                                                        1. Egg Guarding
                                                                                                                                          1. Brooding Behaviors
                                                                                                                                            1. Parental Feeding
                                                                                                                                            2. Development and Metamorphosis
                                                                                                                                              1. Direct Development
                                                                                                                                                1. Indirect Development
                                                                                                                                                  1. Metamorphic Stages
                                                                                                                                                    1. Environmental Triggers
                                                                                                                                                    2. Sex Determination
                                                                                                                                                      1. Genetic Sex Determination
                                                                                                                                                        1. Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination
                                                                                                                                                          1. Environmental Sex Determination

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                                                                                                                                                      5. Physiology and Function

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                                                                                                                                                      7. Conservation and Human Interactions