Ethical Hacking

4.

Web Application Security Testing

4.1.

Web Application Architecture

4.1.1.

Client-Side Technologies

4.1.1.1.

4.1.1.2.

JavaScript Frameworks

4.1.1.3.

Browser Security Models

4.1.1.4.

Client-Side Storage

4.1.2.

Server-Side Technologies

4.1.2.1.

Web Server Platforms

4.1.2.2.

Application Frameworks

4.1.2.3.

Server-Side Scripting

4.1.2.4.

Database Integration

4.1.3.

Web Application Components

4.1.3.1.

4.1.3.2.

Web Application Firewalls

4.1.3.3.

Content Delivery Networks

4.1.3.4.

4.2.

OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities

4.2.1.

Injection Vulnerabilities

4.2.1.1.

4.2.1.1.1.

Error-Based SQL Injection

4.2.1.1.2.

Boolean-Based Blind SQL Injection

4.2.1.1.3.

Time-Based Blind SQL Injection

4.2.1.1.4.

Union-Based SQL Injection

4.2.1.2.

NoSQL Injection

4.2.1.2.1.

MongoDB Injection

4.2.1.2.2.

CouchDB Injection

4.2.1.3.

Command Injection

4.2.1.3.1.

OS Command Injection

4.2.1.3.2.

4.2.1.4.

4.2.1.5.

XPath Injection

4.2.2.

Broken Authentication

4.2.2.1.

Session Management Flaws

4.2.2.1.1.

Session Fixation

4.2.2.1.2.

Session Hijacking

4.2.2.1.3.

Insecure Session Storage

4.2.2.2.

Password Security Issues

4.2.2.2.1.

Weak Password Policies

4.2.2.2.2.

Credential Stuffing

4.2.2.2.3.

Password Spraying

4.2.2.3.

Multi-Factor Authentication Bypass

4.2.3.

Sensitive Data Exposure

4.2.3.1.

Encryption Weaknesses

4.2.3.1.1.

Weak Encryption Algorithms

4.2.3.1.2.

Poor Key Management

4.2.3.1.3.

Unencrypted Data Transmission

4.2.3.2.

4.2.3.2.1.

Information Disclosure

4.2.3.2.2.

Debug Information Exposure

4.2.3.2.3.

Error Message Information Leakage

4.2.4.

XML External Entities

4.2.4.1.

XXE Attack Vectors

4.2.4.1.1.

File Disclosure

4.2.4.1.2.

Server-Side Request Forgery

4.2.4.1.3.

Denial of Service

4.2.4.2.

XXE Prevention Techniques

4.2.5.

Broken Access Control

4.2.5.1.

Insecure Direct Object References

4.2.5.1.1.

Parameter Manipulation

4.2.5.1.2.

4.2.5.2.

Missing Function Level Access Control

4.2.5.2.1.

Privilege Escalation

4.2.5.2.2.

Administrative Function Access

4.2.5.3.

Cross-Origin Resource Sharing Issues

4.2.6.

Security Misconfiguration

4.2.6.1.

Default Configurations

4.2.6.1.1.

Default Credentials

4.2.6.1.2.

Unnecessary Services

4.2.6.1.3.

Sample Applications

4.2.6.2.

Information Disclosure

4.2.6.2.1.

Directory Listings

4.2.6.2.2.

4.2.6.2.3.

Configuration Files

4.2.6.3.

HTTP Security Headers

4.2.6.3.1.

Missing Security Headers

4.2.6.3.2.

Misconfigured Headers

4.2.7.

Cross-Site Scripting

4.2.7.1.

4.2.7.1.1.

Persistent XSS Attacks

4.2.7.1.2.

Database-Stored Payloads

4.2.7.2.

4.2.7.2.1.

URL-Based Attacks

4.2.7.2.2.

Form-Based Attacks

4.2.7.3.

4.2.7.3.1.

Client-Side Vulnerabilities

4.2.7.3.2.

JavaScript Manipulation

4.2.7.4.

XSS Prevention Techniques

4.2.8.

Insecure Deserialization

4.2.8.1.

Object Injection Attacks

4.2.8.1.1.

Remote Code Execution

4.2.8.1.2.

Privilege Escalation

4.2.8.2.

4.2.8.2.1.

Serialized Object Manipulation

4.2.9.

Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities

4.2.9.1.

Third-Party Library Vulnerabilities

4.2.9.1.1.

Dependency Management

4.2.9.1.2.

Version Control

4.2.9.2.

Framework Vulnerabilities

4.2.9.2.1.

Outdated Frameworks

4.2.9.2.2.

Unpatched Components

4.2.10.

Insufficient Logging and Monitoring

4.2.10.1.

Log Management Issues

4.2.10.1.1.

Missing Audit Trails

4.2.10.1.2.

Inadequate Log Retention

4.2.10.2.

Monitoring Gaps

4.2.10.2.1.

Attack Detection Failures

4.2.10.2.2.

Incident Response Delays

4.3.

Advanced Web Application Attacks

4.3.1.

Business Logic Flaws

4.3.1.1.

Workflow Bypass

4.3.1.2.

Race Conditions

4.3.1.3.

Price Manipulation

4.3.1.4.

Privilege Escalation

4.3.2.

Client-Side Attacks

4.3.2.1.

4.3.2.1.1.

4.3.2.1.2.

Frame Busting Bypass

4.3.2.2.

Cross-Site Request Forgery

4.3.2.2.1.

CSRF Token Bypass

4.3.2.2.2.

Same-Site Cookie Attacks

4.3.2.3.

HTML5 Security Issues

4.3.2.3.1.

Web Storage Attacks

4.3.2.3.2.

WebSocket Security

4.3.2.3.3.

PostMessage Vulnerabilities

4.3.3.

Server-Side Request Forgery

4.3.3.1.

Internal Network Access

4.3.3.2.

Cloud Metadata Service Attacks

4.3.3.3.

Port Scanning via SSRF

4.3.4.

File Upload Vulnerabilities

4.3.4.1.

Unrestricted File Upload

4.3.4.2.

File Type Bypass

4.3.4.3.

Path Traversal via Upload

4.3.4.4.

Remote Code Execution via Upload

4.4.

Web Application Testing Methodology

4.4.1.

Information Gathering

4.4.1.1.

Application Mapping

4.4.1.2.

Technology Identification

4.4.1.3.

Entry Point Identification

4.4.2.

Authentication Testing

4.4.2.1.

Credential Transport Security

4.4.2.2.

Session Management Testing

4.4.2.3.

Password Policy Testing

4.4.3.

Authorization Testing

4.4.3.1.

Path Traversal Testing

4.4.3.2.

Privilege Escalation Testing

4.4.3.3.

Insecure Direct Object Reference Testing

4.4.4.

Input Validation Testing

4.4.4.1.

Injection Testing

4.4.4.2.

Cross-Site Scripting Testing

4.4.4.3.

HTTP Parameter Pollution

4.4.5.

Error Handling Testing

4.4.5.1.

Error Code Analysis

4.4.5.2.

Stack Trace Analysis

4.4.6.

Cryptography Testing

4.4.6.1.

SSL/TLS Configuration Testing

4.4.6.2.

Weak Cryptography Testing

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