Environmental Engineering

  1. Foundational Scientific and Engineering Principles
    1. Environmental Chemistry
      1. Stoichiometry and Chemical Reactions
        1. Balancing Chemical Equations
          1. Reaction Yields
            1. Limiting Reagents
            2. Acid-Base Chemistry and Alkalinity
              1. pH and pOH Concepts
                1. Buffer Systems
                  1. Alkalinity in Natural Waters
                    1. Carbonate System
                    2. Redox Reactions
                      1. Oxidation States
                        1. Redox Couples
                          1. Redox Potential
                            1. Electron Activity
                            2. Chemical Kinetics and Equilibrium
                              1. Reaction Rate Laws
                                1. Order of Reactions
                                  1. Equilibrium Constants
                                    1. Le Chatelier's Principle
                                      1. Temperature Effects on Equilibrium
                                      2. Organic Chemistry Fundamentals
                                        1. Structure and Classification of Organic Compounds
                                          1. Functional Groups
                                            1. Biodegradability of Organics
                                              1. Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Properties
                                              2. Water Chemistry
                                                1. Dissolution and Precipitation
                                                  1. Solubility Product
                                                    1. Complexation Reactions
                                                      1. Gas-Liquid Equilibria
                                                        1. Henry's Law
                                                      2. Environmental Microbiology
                                                        1. Microbial Metabolism and Growth
                                                          1. Aerobic Metabolism
                                                            1. Anaerobic Metabolism
                                                              1. Growth Kinetics
                                                                1. Environmental Factors Affecting Growth
                                                                  1. Temperature
                                                                    1. pH
                                                                      1. Nutrients
                                                                        1. Oxygen
                                                                      2. Key Microorganisms in Environmental Systems
                                                                        1. Bacteria
                                                                          1. Archaea
                                                                            1. Fungi
                                                                              1. Protozoa
                                                                                1. Viruses
                                                                                2. Biogeochemical Cycles
                                                                                  1. Carbon Cycle
                                                                                    1. Carbon Fixation
                                                                                      1. Decomposition
                                                                                        1. Methane Production
                                                                                        2. Nitrogen Cycle
                                                                                          1. Nitrogen Fixation
                                                                                            1. Nitrification
                                                                                              1. Denitrification
                                                                                                1. Ammonification
                                                                                                2. Phosphorus Cycle
                                                                                                  1. Mineralization
                                                                                                    1. Immobilization
                                                                                                      1. Phosphorus Solubilization
                                                                                                      2. Sulfur Cycle
                                                                                                        1. Sulfate Reduction
                                                                                                          1. Sulfur Oxidation
                                                                                                            1. Sulfide Formation
                                                                                                        2. Transport Phenomena
                                                                                                          1. Fluid Mechanics Principles
                                                                                                            1. Properties of Fluids
                                                                                                              1. Density
                                                                                                                1. Viscosity
                                                                                                                  1. Surface Tension
                                                                                                                  2. Flow Regimes
                                                                                                                    1. Laminar Flow
                                                                                                                      1. Turbulent Flow
                                                                                                                        1. Reynolds Number
                                                                                                                        2. Continuity Equation
                                                                                                                          1. Energy Equations
                                                                                                                            1. Bernoulli's Equation
                                                                                                                              1. Energy Loss
                                                                                                                            2. Mass Transport
                                                                                                                              1. Advection
                                                                                                                                1. Bulk Flow in Water
                                                                                                                                  1. Bulk Flow in Air
                                                                                                                                    1. Convective Transport
                                                                                                                                    2. Diffusion
                                                                                                                                      1. Fick's Laws
                                                                                                                                        1. Molecular Diffusion
                                                                                                                                          1. Eddy Diffusion
                                                                                                                                            1. Diffusion Coefficients
                                                                                                                                            2. Dispersion
                                                                                                                                              1. Hydrodynamic Dispersion
                                                                                                                                                1. Longitudinal Dispersion
                                                                                                                                                  1. Transverse Dispersion
                                                                                                                                                    1. Dispersion Coefficients
                                                                                                                                                2. Material and Energy Balances
                                                                                                                                                  1. The Control Volume Concept
                                                                                                                                                    1. System Boundaries
                                                                                                                                                      1. Open and Closed Systems
                                                                                                                                                        1. Steady-State Analysis
                                                                                                                                                          1. Transient Analysis
                                                                                                                                                          2. Mass Balance Equations
                                                                                                                                                            1. Accumulation Term
                                                                                                                                                              1. Input Term
                                                                                                                                                                1. Output Term
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Generation Term
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Consumption Term
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Application to Environmental Systems
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Reactor Types in Environmental Engineering
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Batch Reactor
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Mixing Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Reaction Time
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Design Equations
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Completely Mixed Flow Reactor
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Hydraulic Retention Time
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Steady-State Assumptions
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Design Equations
                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Plug Flow Reactor
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Flow Characteristics
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Residence Time Distribution
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Design Equations
                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Reactor Combinations
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Reactors in Series
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Reactors in Parallel

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                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Introduction to Environmental Engineering

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                                                                                                                                                                                        3. Water Quality Engineering