Energy Efficiency and Conservation

  1. Transportation Energy Efficiency
    1. Vehicle Technology Improvements
      1. Internal Combustion Engine Efficiency
        1. Engine Design Improvements
          1. Turbocharging and Supercharging
            1. Cylinder Deactivation
              1. Variable Valve Timing
                1. Direct Fuel Injection
                2. Engine Management Systems
                  1. Start-Stop Systems
                    1. Engine Control Units
                    2. Fuel System Optimization
                    3. Vehicle Design and Materials
                      1. Lightweight Materials
                        1. Aluminum Applications
                          1. High-Strength Steel
                            1. Carbon Fiber Composites
                              1. Magnesium Components
                              2. Aerodynamic Improvements
                                1. Body Shape Optimization
                                  1. Underbody Aerodynamics
                                    1. Active Aerodynamic Features
                                    2. Tire Technology
                                      1. Low Rolling Resistance Tires
                                        1. Tire Pressure Monitoring
                                          1. Advanced Tire Materials
                                      2. Alternative Powertrains
                                        1. Hybrid Electric Vehicles
                                          1. Parallel Hybrid Systems
                                            1. Series Hybrid Systems
                                              1. Power-Split Hybrid Systems
                                                1. Mild Hybrid Systems
                                                2. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
                                                  1. System Architecture
                                                    1. Battery Technology
                                                      1. Charging Infrastructure Requirements
                                                      2. Battery Electric Vehicles
                                                        1. Electric Motor Technologies
                                                          1. Battery Technologies
                                                            1. Lithium-Ion Batteries
                                                              1. Solid-State Batteries
                                                                1. Battery Management Systems
                                                                2. Charging Systems
                                                                  1. Level 1 Charging
                                                                    1. Level 2 Charging
                                                                      1. DC Fast Charging
                                                                    2. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
                                                                      1. Fuel Cell Technology
                                                                        1. Hydrogen Storage Systems
                                                                          1. Hydrogen Production and Distribution
                                                                        2. Alternative Fuels
                                                                          1. Biofuels
                                                                            1. First-Generation Biofuels
                                                                              1. Ethanol Production
                                                                                1. Biodiesel Production
                                                                                2. Second-Generation Biofuels
                                                                                  1. Cellulosic Ethanol
                                                                                    1. Advanced Biodiesel
                                                                                    2. Third-Generation Biofuels
                                                                                    3. Hydrogen Fuel
                                                                                      1. Production Methods
                                                                                        1. Steam Methane Reforming
                                                                                          1. Electrolysis
                                                                                            1. Renewable Hydrogen
                                                                                            2. Storage and Distribution
                                                                                              1. Safety Considerations
                                                                                              2. Synthetic Fuels
                                                                                                1. Power-to-Liquids Technology
                                                                                                  1. Fischer-Tropsch Process
                                                                                                    1. E-Fuels Production
                                                                                                  2. Transportation System Efficiency
                                                                                                    1. Public Transportation Systems
                                                                                                      1. Bus Rapid Transit
                                                                                                        1. Light Rail Systems
                                                                                                          1. Heavy Rail Systems
                                                                                                            1. Transit System Integration
                                                                                                            2. Freight and Logistics
                                                                                                              1. Route Optimization
                                                                                                                1. Load Factor Improvement
                                                                                                                  1. Intermodal Transportation
                                                                                                                    1. Last-Mile Delivery Efficiency
                                                                                                                    2. Urban Planning and Mobility
                                                                                                                      1. Transit-Oriented Development
                                                                                                                        1. Complete Streets Design
                                                                                                                          1. Active Transportation Infrastructure
                                                                                                                            1. Shared Mobility Services
                                                                                                                            2. Intelligent Transportation Systems
                                                                                                                              1. Traffic Management Systems
                                                                                                                                1. Connected Vehicle Technology
                                                                                                                                  1. Autonomous Vehicle Integration

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                                                                                                                              3. Building Energy Efficiency

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                                                                                                                              5. Industrial Energy Efficiency