Embedded Systems Programming

  1. Hardware Interfacing and Communication
    1. Hardware Interface Fundamentals
      1. Electrical Characteristics
        1. Voltage Levels
          1. Current Requirements
            1. Signal Integrity
              1. Noise Considerations
              2. Signal Types
                1. Digital Signals
                  1. Analog Signals
                    1. Mixed-Signal Interfaces
                    2. Timing Considerations
                      1. Setup and Hold Times
                        1. Propagation Delays
                          1. Clock Domains
                          2. Hardware Abstraction
                            1. Hardware Abstraction Layer Design
                              1. Portability Considerations
                                1. Driver Architecture
                              2. Parallel Communication
                                1. Parallel Bus Interfaces
                                  1. Address Bus
                                    1. Data Bus
                                      1. Control Signals
                                      2. Memory Interfaces
                                        1. SRAM Interface
                                          1. Flash Memory Interface
                                            1. SDRAM Interface
                                            2. Parallel Peripheral Interfaces
                                              1. LCD Interfaces
                                                1. Keypad Interfaces
                                              2. Serial Communication Protocols
                                                1. UART Communication
                                                  1. UART Configuration
                                                    1. Baud Rate Setting
                                                      1. Data Bits
                                                        1. Parity Bits
                                                          1. Stop Bits
                                                          2. Flow Control
                                                            1. Hardware Flow Control
                                                              1. Software Flow Control
                                                              2. Error Detection
                                                                1. Multi-Drop Networks
                                                                2. SPI Communication
                                                                  1. SPI Bus Architecture
                                                                    1. Master-Slave Configuration
                                                                      1. Multiple Slave Selection
                                                                      2. Clock Configuration
                                                                        1. Clock Polarity
                                                                          1. Clock Phase
                                                                          2. Data Transfer Modes
                                                                            1. SPI Variants
                                                                            2. I2C Communication
                                                                              1. I2C Bus Architecture
                                                                                1. Two-Wire Interface
                                                                                  1. Open-Drain Configuration
                                                                                  2. Addressing Modes
                                                                                    1. 7-bit Addressing
                                                                                      1. 10-bit Addressing
                                                                                      2. Data Transfer Protocol
                                                                                        1. Start and Stop Conditions
                                                                                          1. Acknowledge Mechanism
                                                                                          2. Bus Arbitration
                                                                                            1. Clock Stretching
                                                                                              1. Multi-Master Operation
                                                                                              2. USB Communication
                                                                                                1. USB Architecture
                                                                                                  1. USB Device Classes
                                                                                                    1. USB Descriptors
                                                                                                      1. Endpoint Configuration
                                                                                                      2. Ethernet Communication
                                                                                                        1. Ethernet PHY Interface
                                                                                                          1. MAC Layer Implementation
                                                                                                            1. TCP/IP Stack Integration
                                                                                                          2. Automotive Communication Protocols
                                                                                                            1. CAN Bus
                                                                                                              1. CAN Frame Structure
                                                                                                                1. Message Arbitration
                                                                                                                  1. Error Detection and Handling
                                                                                                                    1. CAN FD (Flexible Data Rate)
                                                                                                                    2. LIN Bus
                                                                                                                      1. Master-Slave Architecture
                                                                                                                        1. Frame Structure
                                                                                                                          1. Scheduling and Timing
                                                                                                                          2. FlexRay
                                                                                                                            1. Time-Triggered Communication
                                                                                                                              1. Fault Tolerance
                                                                                                                                1. Network Topology
                                                                                                                              2. Industrial Communication Protocols
                                                                                                                                1. Modbus
                                                                                                                                  1. Modbus RTU
                                                                                                                                    1. Modbus ASCII
                                                                                                                                      1. Modbus TCP
                                                                                                                                        1. Function Codes
                                                                                                                                        2. Profibus
                                                                                                                                          1. Profibus DP
                                                                                                                                            1. Profibus PA
                                                                                                                                              1. Communication Models
                                                                                                                                              2. EtherCAT
                                                                                                                                                1. Real-Time Ethernet
                                                                                                                                                  1. Distributed Clock
                                                                                                                                                    1. Process Data Objects
                                                                                                                                                  2. Wireless Communication
                                                                                                                                                    1. Wi-Fi
                                                                                                                                                      1. 802.11 Standards
                                                                                                                                                        1. Network Configuration
                                                                                                                                                          1. Security Protocols
                                                                                                                                                            1. Power Management
                                                                                                                                                            2. Bluetooth
                                                                                                                                                              1. Classic Bluetooth
                                                                                                                                                                1. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
                                                                                                                                                                  1. GATT Profile
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Advertising
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Connection Management
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Mesh Networking
                                                                                                                                                                      3. Zigbee
                                                                                                                                                                        1. IEEE 802.15.4
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Mesh Network Topology
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Application Profiles
                                                                                                                                                                            2. LoRaWAN
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Long-Range Communication
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Network Architecture
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Device Classes
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Cellular Communication
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. 2G/3G/4G/5G Technologies
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. AT Command Interface
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Data Communication

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                                                                                                                                                                                    5. Real-Time Systems and Operating Systems

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                                                                                                                                                                                    7. Device Driver Development