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Mechanical Engineering
Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Programming
1. Introduction to CNC Machining
2. Fundamentals of the CNC Machine Environment
3. The Language of CNC: Codes and Addresses
4. Structure of a CNC Program
5. Basic Motion Programming
6. Speeds and Feeds
7. Tooling and Tool Management
8. Work Coordinate Systems and Offsets
9. Drilling and Hole-Making Operations
10. Advanced Programming Techniques
11. CAD/CAM Integration and Workflow
12. Machine Setup and Program Execution
13. Troubleshooting and Problem Resolution
14. CNC Safety and Best Practices
Fundamentals of the CNC Machine Environment
The Cartesian Coordinate System
Three-Dimensional Space Representation
X, Y, and Z Linear Axes
Right-Hand Rule for Axis Orientation
Rotational Axes
A Axis (Rotation around X)
B Axis (Rotation around Y)
C Axis (Rotation around Z)
Positive and Negative Directions
Machine-Specific Axis Configurations
Reference Points and Coordinate Systems
Machine Zero (Machine Home Position)
Homing Sequence
Power-On Reference
Machine Coordinate System
Part Zero (Workpiece Zero)
Work Coordinate System
Setting the Work Offset
Locating the Datum Point
Use of Edge Finders and Probes
Tool Reference Points
Tool Length Reference
Tool Tip Position
Positioning Modes
Absolute Positioning (G90)
Reference to Fixed Origin
Programming Applications
Incremental Positioning (G91)
Reference to Current Position
Programming Applications
Mixed Mode Programming
Practical Applications and Examples
Units of Measurement
Imperial Units (Inches) - G20
Metric Units (Millimeters) - G21
Switching Between Units
Implications for Programming and Tooling
Resolution and Precision Considerations
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1. Introduction to CNC Machining
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3. The Language of CNC: Codes and Addresses