Black Holes

  1. Observational Detection Methods
    1. Gravitational Influence Detection
      1. Stellar Orbital Dynamics
        1. Kepler's Laws Application
          1. Radial Velocity Measurements
            1. Proper Motion Studies
              1. Mass Determination
              2. Galactic Center Studies
                1. Sagittarius A* Observations
                  1. S-star Orbits
                    1. Relativistic Effects
                      1. Nobel Prize Recognition
                      2. Binary System Analysis
                        1. X-ray Binary Systems
                          1. Orbital Period Variations
                            1. Mass Function Calculations
                              1. Companion Star Properties
                            2. Electromagnetic Signatures
                              1. Accretion Disk Emission
                                1. Thermal Emission
                                  1. X-ray Spectra
                                    1. Temperature Profiles
                                      1. Disk Structure
                                      2. Relativistic Jets
                                        1. Formation Mechanisms
                                          1. Collimation Processes
                                            1. Radio Emission
                                              1. Superluminal Motion
                                              2. Active Galactic Nuclei
                                                1. Classification Schemes
                                                  1. Unified Model
                                                    1. Variability Studies
                                                      1. Spectral Features
                                                      2. Quasar Phenomena
                                                        1. High Luminosity Sources
                                                          1. Redshift Distributions
                                                            1. Broad Line Regions
                                                              1. Host Galaxy Relationships
                                                            2. Gravitational Lensing
                                                              1. Microlensing Events
                                                                1. Light Curve Analysis
                                                                  1. Einstein Ring Radius
                                                                    1. Event Duration
                                                                      1. Mass Estimates
                                                                      2. Strong Lensing
                                                                        1. Multiple Image Formation
                                                                          1. Einstein Rings
                                                                            1. Arc Formation
                                                                              1. Time Delay Measurements
                                                                              2. Weak Lensing
                                                                                1. Statistical Analysis
                                                                                  1. Shear Measurements
                                                                                    1. Mass Mapping
                                                                                  2. Gravitational Wave Astronomy
                                                                                    1. Detection Principles
                                                                                      1. Laser Interferometry
                                                                                        1. Strain Measurements
                                                                                          1. Noise Sources
                                                                                            1. Sensitivity Curves
                                                                                            2. LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Network
                                                                                              1. Detector Locations
                                                                                                1. Coincident Detection
                                                                                                  1. Sky Localization
                                                                                                    1. Distance Measurements
                                                                                                    2. Waveform Analysis
                                                                                                      1. Inspiral Phase
                                                                                                        1. Merger Phase
                                                                                                          1. Ringdown Phase
                                                                                                            1. Parameter Estimation
                                                                                                            2. Multi-messenger Astronomy
                                                                                                              1. Electromagnetic Counterparts
                                                                                                                1. Neutrino Detection
                                                                                                                  1. Coordinated Observations
                                                                                                                2. Direct Imaging
                                                                                                                  1. Event Horizon Telescope
                                                                                                                    1. Very Long Baseline Interferometry
                                                                                                                      1. Global Array
                                                                                                                        1. Image Reconstruction
                                                                                                                          1. Resolution Limits
                                                                                                                          2. Shadow Imaging
                                                                                                                            1. Photon Ring Structure
                                                                                                                              1. Gravitational Lensing Effects
                                                                                                                                1. Spin Measurements
                                                                                                                                  1. Metric Tests
                                                                                                                                  2. Future Imaging Missions
                                                                                                                                    1. Space-based Interferometry
                                                                                                                                      1. Higher Resolution Goals
                                                                                                                                        1. Multi-wavelength Imaging

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                                                                                                                                    5. Classification Systems

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                                                                                                                                    7. Cosmic Roles and Influence