Proj construction
In algebraic geometry, Proj is a construction analogous to the spectrum-of-a-ring construction of affine schemes, which produces objects with the typical properties of projective spaces and projective
Smooth scheme
In algebraic geometry, a smooth scheme over a field is a scheme which is well approximated by affine space near any point. Smoothness is one way of making precise the notion of a scheme with no singul
Geometric invariant theory
In mathematics, geometric invariant theory (or GIT) is a method for constructing quotients by group actions in algebraic geometry, used to construct moduli spaces. It was developed by David Mumford in
Essentially finite vector bundle
In mathematics, an essentially finite vector bundle is a particular type of vector bundle defined by Madhav V. Nori, as the main tool in the construction of the fundamental group scheme. Even if the d
Function field (scheme theory)
The sheaf of rational functions KX of a scheme X is the generalization to scheme theory of the notion of function field of an algebraic variety in classical algebraic geometry. In the case of varietie
Formal scheme
In mathematics, specifically in algebraic geometry, a formal scheme is a type of space which includes data about its surroundings. Unlike an ordinary scheme, a formal scheme includes infinitesimal dat
Zariski topology
In algebraic geometry and commutative algebra, the Zariski topology is a topology which is primarily defined by its closed sets. It is very different from topologies which are commonly used in the rea
Éléments de géométrie algébrique
The Éléments de géométrie algébrique ("Elements of Algebraic Geometry") by Alexander Grothendieck (assisted by Jean Dieudonné), or EGA for short, is a rigorous treatise, in French, on algebraic geomet
Nori-semistable
In mathematics, a Nori semistable vector bundle is a particular type of vector bundle whose first definition has been first implicitely suggested by Madhav V. Nori, as one of the main ingredients for
Valuative criterion
In mathematics, specifically algebraic geometry, the valuative criteria are a collection of results that make it possible to decide whether a morphism of algebraic varieties, or more generally schemes
Séminaire de Géométrie Algébrique du Bois Marie
In mathematics, the Séminaire de Géométrie Algébrique du Bois Marie (SGA) was an influential seminar run by Alexander Grothendieck. It was a unique phenomenon of research and publication outside of th
Quotient by an equivalence relation
In mathematics, given a category C, a quotient of an object X by an equivalence relation is a coequalizer for the pair of maps where R is an object in C and "f is an equivalence relation" means that,
Étale group scheme
In mathematics, more precisely in algebra, an étale group scheme is a certain kind of group scheme.
Noetherian topological space
In mathematics, a Noetherian topological space, named for Emmy Noether, is a topological space in which closed subsets satisfy the descending chain condition. Equivalently, we could say that the open
Gorenstein scheme
In algebraic geometry, a Gorenstein scheme is a locally Noetherian scheme whose local rings are all Gorenstein. The canonical line bundle is defined for any Gorenstein scheme over a field, and its pro
Fiber product of schemes
In mathematics, specifically in algebraic geometry, the fiber product of schemes is a fundamental construction. It has many interpretations and special cases. For example, the fiber product describes
Fundamental group scheme
In mathematics, the fundamental group scheme is a group scheme canonically attached to a scheme over a Dedekind scheme (e.g. the spectrum of a field or the spectrum of a discrete valuation ring). It i
Derived algebraic geometry
Derived algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics that generalizes algebraic geometry to a situation where commutative rings, which provide local charts, are replaced by either differential graded
Equivariant sheaf
In mathematics, given an action of a group scheme G on a scheme X over a base scheme S, an equivariant sheaf F on X is a sheaf of -modules together with the isomorphism of -modules that satisfies the
Ringed space
In mathematics, a ringed space is a family of (commutative) rings parametrized by open subsets of a topological space together with ring homomorphisms that play roles of restrictions. Precisely, it is
Étale fundamental group
The étale or algebraic fundamental group is an analogue in algebraic geometry, for schemes, of the usual fundamental group of topological spaces.
Log structure
In algebraic geometry, a log structure provides an abstract context to study , and in particular the notion of logarithmic differential form and the related Hodge-theoretic concepts. This idea has app
Gabriel–Rosenberg reconstruction theorem
In algebraic geometry, the Gabriel–Rosenberg reconstruction theorem, introduced in , states that a quasi-separated scheme can be recovered from the category of quasi-coherent sheaves on it. The theore
Gluing schemes
In algebraic geometry, a new scheme (e.g. an algebraic variety) can be obtained by gluing existing schemes through gluing maps.
Groupoid object
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a groupoid object is both a generalization of a groupoid which is built on richer structures than sets, and a generalization of a group objects when the mu
Group scheme
In mathematics, a group scheme is a type of object from algebraic geometry equipped with a composition law. Group schemes arise naturally as symmetries of schemes, and they generalize algebraic groups
Geometrically (algebraic geometry)
In algebraic geometry, especially in scheme theory, a property is said to hold geometrically over a field if it also holds over the algebraic closure of the field. In other words, a property holds geo
Picard group
In mathematics, the Picard group of a ringed space X, denoted by Pic(X), is the group of isomorphism classes of invertible sheaves (or line bundles) on X, with the group operation being tensor product
Glossary of algebraic geometry
This is a glossary of algebraic geometry. See also glossary of commutative algebra, glossary of classical algebraic geometry, and glossary of ring theory. For the number-theoretic applications, see gl
Scheme (mathematics)
In mathematics, a scheme is a mathematical structure that enlarges the notion of algebraic variety in several ways, such as taking account of multiplicities (the equations x = 0 and x2 = 0 define the
Severi variety (Hilbert scheme)
In mathematics, a Severi variety is an algebraic variety in a Hilbert scheme that parametrizes curves in projective space with given degree and geometric genus and at most node singularities. Its dime
Chevalley scheme
A Chevalley scheme in algebraic geometry was a precursor notion of scheme theory. Let X be a separated integral noetherian scheme, R its function field. If we denote by the set of subrings of R, where
Hilbert scheme
In algebraic geometry, a branch of mathematics, a Hilbert scheme is a scheme that is the parameter space for the closed subschemes of some projective space (or a more general projective scheme), refin
Regular scheme
In algebraic geometry, a regular scheme is a locally Noetherian scheme whose local rings are regular everywhere. Every smooth scheme is regular, and every regular scheme of finite type over a perfect
Weil restriction
In mathematics, restriction of scalars (also known as "Weil restriction") is a functor which, for any finite extension of fields L/k and any algebraic variety X over L, produces another variety ResL/k
Ideal sheaf
In algebraic geometry and other areas of mathematics, an ideal sheaf (or sheaf of ideals) is the global analogue of an ideal in a ring. The ideal sheaves on a geometric object are closely connected to
Spectrum of a ring
In commutative algebra, the prime spectrum (or simply the spectrum) of a ring R is the set of all prime ideals of R, and is usually denoted by ; in algebraic geometry it is simultaneously a topologica
Normal scheme
In algebraic geometry, an algebraic variety or scheme X is normal if it is normal at every point, meaning that the local ring at the point is an integrally closed domain. An affine variety X (understo
Grothendieck's relative point of view
Grothendieck's relative point of view is a heuristic applied in certain abstract mathematical situations, with a rough meaning of taking for consideration families of 'objects' explicitly depending on
Azumaya algebra
In mathematics, an Azumaya algebra is a generalization of central simple algebras to R-algebras where R need not be a field. Such a notion was introduced in a 1951 paper of Goro Azumaya, for the case