Error detection and correction

Redundant array of independent memory

A redundant array of independent memory (RAIM) is a design feature found in certain computers' main random access memory. RAIM utilizes additional memory modules and striping algorithms to protect against the failure of any particular module and keep the memory system operating continuously. RAIM is similar in concept to a redundant array of independent disks (RAID), which protects against the failure of a disk drive, but in the case of memory it supports several DRAM device chipkills and entire memory channel failures. RAIM is much more robust than parity checking and ECC memory technologies which cannot protect against many varieties of memory failures. On July 22, 2010, IBM introduced the first high end computer server featuring RAIM, the zEnterprise 196. Each z196 machine contains up to 3 TB (usable) of RAIM-protected main memory. In 2011 the business class model z114 was introduced also supporting RAIM. The formal announcement letter offered some additional information regarding the implementation: ... IBM's most robust error correction to date can be found in the memory subsystem. A new redundant array of independent memory (RAIM) technology is being introduced to provide protection at the dynamic random access memory (DRAM), dual inline memory module (DIMM), and memory channel level. Three full DRAM failures per rank can be corrected. DIMM level failures, including components such as the controller application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), the power regulators, the clocks, and the board, can be corrected. Memory channel failures such as signal lines, control lines, and drivers/receivers on the MCM can be corrected. Upstream and downstream data signals can be spared using two spare wires on both the upstream and downstream paths. One of these signals can be used to spare a clock signal line (one upstream and one downstream). Together these improvements are designed to deliver System z's most resilient memory subsystem to date. (Wikipedia).

Video thumbnail

Array Variables - Introduction

This video introduces array variables. It defines an array variable as a named group of contiguous memory locations, each element of which can be accessed by means of an index number. It explains the difference between one dimensional and two dimensional arrays, and covers how these can

From playlist Data Structures

Video thumbnail

Linear Algebra: Redundant Vectors and How to Find a Minimal Generating Set

Linear Algebra: Redundant Vectors and How to Find a Minimal Generating Set

From playlist Linear Algebra

Video thumbnail

Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). Part 1: Memory Cell Arrays

This is the first in a series of computer science videos is about the fundamental principles of Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM, and the essential concepts of DRAM operation. This particular video covers the structure and workings of the DRAM memory cell. That is, the basic unit of st

From playlist Random Access Memory

Video thumbnail

20 The identity element

Sets might contain an element that can be identified as an identity element under some binary operation. Performing the operation between the identity element and any arbitrary element in the set must result in the arbitrary element. An example is the identity element for the binary opera

From playlist Abstract algebra

Video thumbnail

Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). Part 3: Binary Decoders

This is the third in a series of computer science videos is about the fundamental principles of Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM, and the essential concepts of DRAM operation. This video covers the role of the row address decoder and the workings of generic binary decoders. It also expl

From playlist Random Access Memory

Video thumbnail

How PNG Works: Compromising Speed for Quality

Visit https://brilliant.org/Reducible/ to get started learning STEM for free, and the first 200 people will get 20% off their annual premium subscription. Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 1:35 Exploiting redundancy 2:09 Huffman Codes 4:22 Run Length Encoding 5:23 Lempel-Ziv Schemes (LZSS) 13:

From playlist Data Compression

Video thumbnail

How we are making Python 3.11 faster (CPython project)

The "Faster CPython" project aims to speed up Python, specifically CPython, by a large factor over the next few releases. The first release to see the benefits of this work is Python 3.11. Python 3.11 includes the following major changes: * Adaptive specializing interpreter (PEP 659) * C

From playlist Python

Video thumbnail

Stanford Seminar - Accelerating ML Recommendation with over a Thousand RISC-V/Tensor Processors...

Dave Ditzel is the founder and executive Chairman of Esperanto Technologies Inc. This talk was given on March 2, 2022. TAccelerating ML Recommendation with over a Thousand RISC-V/Tensor Processors on a 7nm Chip To accelerate Machine Learning Recommendation and other workloads, Esperant

From playlist Stanford EE380-Colloquium on Computer Systems - Seminar Series

Video thumbnail

Independent Vertex Sets | Graph Theory, Maximal and Maximum Independent Sets

What are independent vertex sets in graph theory? We'll go over independent sets, their definition and examples, and some related concepts in today's video graph theory lesson! A subset of the vertex set of a graph is an independent vertex set if and only if it contains no pair of adjace

From playlist Set Theory

Video thumbnail

MountainWest RubyConf 2015 - Better Routing Through Trees

by Jeremy Evans This presentation will describe an approach to routing web requests efficiently through the use of a routing tree. A routing tree usually routes requests by looking at the first segment in request path, and sending it to the routing tree branch that handles that segment, re

From playlist MWRC 2015

Video thumbnail

Jerome Darbon - Algorithms for Non-Local Filtering; application CryoElectron & biological microscopy

Recorded 15 September 2022. Jerome Darbon of Brown University presents "Efficient algorithms for Non-Local Filtering and applications to Cryo-Electron microscopy and biological microscopy" at IPAM's Computational Microscopy Tutorials. Abstract: We present fast and scalable algorithms for n

From playlist Tutorials: Computational Microscopy 2022

Video thumbnail

Stanford Seminar - Computing with FPGAs - Oskar Mencer

Oskar Mencer Lucent / Bell Labs and Imperial College, London May 2, 2001 Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) can outperform microprocessors on certain tasks by many orders of magnitude. The open research problems of computing with FPGAs arc: (1) understanding the limitations of FPGAs

From playlist Stanford EE380-Colloquium on Computer Systems - Seminar Series

Video thumbnail

Graph Representation part 03 - Adjacency List

See complete series on data structures here: http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2_aWCzGMAwI3W_JlcBbtYTwiQSsOTa6P In this lesson, we have talked about Adjacency List representation of Graph and analyzed its time and space complexity of adjacency list representation. Previous Lesson:

From playlist Data structures

Video thumbnail

Advanced Programming with the Wolfram Compiler

The Wolfram Compiler is a long-term project for the compilation of Wolfram Language programs. It converts Wolfram Language into native machine code and provides a faster execution path as well as many opportunities for innovative programming features. It is used for an increasing amount of

From playlist Wolfram Technology Conference 2021

Video thumbnail

Game Programming Patterns part 17.1 - (Reading, JS) Event Queue

We read through the Event Queue chapter of the Game Programming Patterns book and translate the code examples to JavaScript. Links code - https://github.com/brooks-builds/learning_game_design_patterns twitter - https://twitter.com/brooks_patton book - http://gameprogrammingpatterns.ocm/

From playlist Game Programming Patterns Book

Video thumbnail

The Fastest Way to Loop in Python - An Unfortunate Truth

What's faster, a for loop, a while loop, or something else? We try several different ways to accomplish a looping task and discover which is fastest. ― mCoding with James Murphy (https://mcoding.io) Source code: https://github.com/mCodingLLC/VideosSampleCode SUPPORT ME ⭐ --------------

From playlist How Python Works

Related pages

Chipkill