Mathematical logic | Formal languages | Automata (computation)

Formal grammar

In formal language theory, a grammar (when the context is not given, often called a formal grammar for clarity) describes how to form strings from a language's alphabet that are valid according to the language's syntax. A grammar does not describe the meaning of the strings or what can be done with them in whatever context—only their form. A formal grammar is defined as a set of production rules for such strings in a formal language. Formal language theory, the discipline that studies formal grammars and languages, is a branch of applied mathematics. Its applications are found in theoretical computer science, theoretical linguistics, formal semantics, mathematical logic, and other areas. A formal grammar is a set of rules for rewriting strings, along with a "start symbol" from which rewriting starts. Therefore, a grammar is usually thought of as a language generator. However, it can also sometimes be used as the basis for a "recognizer"—a function in computing that determines whether a given string belongs to the language or is grammatically incorrect. To describe such recognizers, formal language theory uses separate formalisms, known as automata theory. One of the interesting results of automata theory is that it is not possible to design a recognizer for certain formal languages.Parsing is the process of recognizing an utterance (a string in natural languages) by breaking it down to a set of symbols and analyzing each one against the grammar of the language. Most languages have the meanings of their utterances structured according to their syntax—a practice known as compositional semantics. As a result, the first step to describing the meaning of an utterance in language is to break it down part by part and look at its analyzed form (known as its parse tree in computer science, and as its deep structure in generative grammar). (Wikipedia).

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SYN103 - Grammar (Overview)

There is a great deal of confusion about the term 'grammar'. Most people associate with it a book written about a language. In fact, there are various manifestations of this traditional term: presecriptive, descriptive and reference grammar. In theoretical linguistics, grammars are theory

From playlist VLC107 - Syntax: Part II

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Concrete nouns are nouns that can be heard, tasted, smelled, touched, or seen. Abstract nouns are nouns that can be believed, felt emotionally, understood, learned, or known. LIKE AND SHARE THE VIDEO IF IT HELPED! Support me on Patreon: http://bit.ly/2EUdAl3 Visit our website: http://

From playlist English Grammar

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COMMON, PROPER, COUNT, and MASS NOUNS - ENGLISH GRAMMAR

We introduce common nouns, proper nouns, and some tests. Nouns are people, places, things, or abstract ideas. Nouns appear after determiners, quantifiers, or as the subject of a sentence. Nouns can be countable or uncountable/mass. LIKE AND SHARE THE VIDEO IF IT HELPED! Support me on P

From playlist English Grammar

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The scale of formality | Style | Grammar

Courses on Khan Academy are always 100% free. Start practicing—and saving your progress—now: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/usage-and-style/style/v/scale-of-formality How formal or informal should you be when you write or speak? Let's dive into that!

From playlist Grammar

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NOUN PHRASES - ENGLISH GRAMMAR

We discuss noun phrases. Noun phrases consist of a head noun, proper name, or pronoun. Noun phrases can be modified by adjective phrases or other noun phrases. Noun phrases take determiners as specifiers. We also draw trees for noun phrase. you want to support the channel, hit the "JOIN"

From playlist English Grammar

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Logic: The Structure of Reason

As a tool for characterizing rational thought, logic cuts across many philosophical disciplines and lies at the core of mathematics and computer science. Drawing on Aristotle’s Organon, Russell’s Principia Mathematica, and other central works, this program tracks the evolution of logic, be

From playlist Logic & Philosophy of Mathematics

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Grammar: Who's or Whose?

In this video, you’ll learn more about when to use "whose" and "who's" correctly in American English. Visit https://www.gcflearnfree.org/grammar/whos-or-whose/1/ for our text-based lesson. We hope you enjoy!

From playlist Grammar

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Computation Ep18, Grammars (Mar 8, 2022)

This is a recording of a live class for Math 3342, Theory of Computation, an undergraduate course for math and computer science majors at Fairfield University, Spring 2022. The course is about finite automata, Turing machines, and related topics. Homework and handouts at the class websi

From playlist Math 3342 (Theory of Computation) Spring 2022

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SYN110 - Variants of Generative Grammar I

There are several problems for simple phrase structure grammars (PSG). In this first E-Lecture of a series of related videos, Prof. Handke discusses these problems and points out where and what adjustments have to be made to expand a simple PSG into a more elaborate version of a generative

From playlist VLC107 - Syntax: Part II

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Grammars: Theory of Computation (Mar 9 2021)

Grammars! This is a recording of a live class for Math 3342, Theory of Computation, an undergraduate course for math & computer science majors at Fairfield University, Spring 2021. Class website: http://cstaecker.fairfield.edu/~cstaecker/courses/2021s3342/

From playlist Math 3342 (Theory of Computation) Spring 2021

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Logic - Types of Statements

An introduction to the general types of logic statements

From playlist Geometry

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Irregular plural nouns |– foreign plurals | The parts of speech | Grammar | Khan Academy

Courses on Khan Academy are always 100% free. Start practicing—and saving your progress—now: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/parts-of-speech-the-noun/irregular-plural-nouns-mutant-and-foreign-plurals/v/foreign-plurals-grammar You don't need to know how to speak Latin and G

From playlist The parts of speech | Grammar | Khan Academy

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Computation Ep24, Stack machine constructions (Mar 29, 2022)

This is a recording of a live class for Math 3342, Theory of Computation, an undergraduate course for math and computer science majors at Fairfield University, Spring 2022. The course is about finite automata, Turing machines, and related topics. Homework and handouts at the class websi

From playlist Math 3342 (Theory of Computation) Spring 2022

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CFGs and NPDMs

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From playlist [Shai Simonson]Theory of Computation

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Paola Cantù : Logic and Interaction:pragmatics and argumentation theory

HYBRID EVENT Recorded during the meeting "Logic and transdisciplinarity" the February 11, 2022 by the Centre International de Rencontres Mathématiques (Marseille, France) Filmmaker: Guillaume Hennenfent Find this video and other talks given by worldwide mathematicians on CIRM's Audiov

From playlist Logic and Foundations

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301.2 Definition of a Group

A group is (in a sense) the simplest structure in which we can do the familiar tasks associated with "algebra." First, in this video, we review the definition of a group.

From playlist Modern Algebra - Chapter 15 (groups)

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