A phylogenetic tree (also phylogeny or evolutionary tree ) is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics. All life on Earth is part of a single phylogenetic tree, indicating common ancestry. In a rooted phylogenetic tree, each node with descendants represents the inferred most recent common ancestor of those descendants, and the edge lengths in some trees may be interpreted as time estimates. Each node is called a taxonomic unit. Internal nodes are generally called hypothetical taxonomic units, as they cannot be directly observed. Trees are useful in fields of biology such as bioinformatics, systematics, and phylogenetics. Unrooted trees illustrate only the relatedness of the leaf nodes and do not require the ancestral root to be known or inferred. (Wikipedia).
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From playlist Biology
Even basic evolutionary trees reveal insights into how different species are connected. Learn how to interpret and create them in this tutorial. Play the Evolution Lab: http://www.pbs.org/nova/labs/lab/evolution/ Find discussion questions for this video and other resources in the Evolut
From playlist NOVA Labs
This video introduces the use of a phylogenetic tree to indicate relationships between taxa. These relationships arise from shared ancestries and explain the nested hierarchy organization of biological life as described by Linnaeus. The terms taxon, taxa, taxonomy, phylogeny are introduced
From playlist TAMU: Bio 312 - Evolution | CosmoLearning Biology
Mike Steel: Deciphering a species phylogeny from conflicting gene trees
Abstract: A phylogenetic tree that has been reconstructed from a given gene can describe a different evolutionary history from its underlying species tree. The reasons for this include: error in inferring the gene tree, incomplete lineage sorting, lateral gene transfer, and the absence of
From playlist Probability and Statistics
Using phylogenetic trees to understand biology
This video introduces the terms synapomorphy, symplesiomorphy, and homoplasy which are critical for understanding which traits provide useful information about relationships and which types of data muddies the pattern. This video also introduces the terms monophyletic, paraphyletic, and po
From playlist TAMU: Bio 312 - Evolution | CosmoLearning Biology
See complete series on data structures here: http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2_aWCzGMAwI3W_JlcBbtYTwiQSsOTa6P In this lesson, we have discussed binary tree in detail. We have talked about different types of binary tree like "complete binary tree", "perfect binary tree" and "balance
From playlist Data structures
Reconstructing phylogenetic networks from trees by Simone Linz
CMSA Combinatorics Seminar, 27 October 2020
From playlist CMSA Combinatorics Seminar
006 - Phylogenetics Paul Andersen discusses the specifics of phylogenetics. The evolutionary relationships of organisms are discovered through both morphological and molecular data. A specific type of phylogenetic tree, the cladogram, is also covered. Do you speak another language? Hel
From playlist AP Biology Video Essentials
This video introduces rooted trees and how to define the relationships among vertices in a rooted tree. mathispower4u.com
From playlist Graph Theory (Discrete Math)
Lecture 1: Combinatorial problems on trees inside phylogenetic networks
🌟There is a further part to this video. If you are interested in, watch the next video🌟 ➔ https://youtu.be/y1UfsYTrlXo This video is one of the two introductory lectures (Introduction to Discrete Mathematical Biology) given by Momoko Hayamizu as part of an omnibus lecture series "Advanced
From playlist 2020 Advanced Topic in Modern Mathematical Sciences 2
根付き二分系統ネットワークの構造定理と全域系統樹に関する色々な問題への応用
早稲田大学 基幹理工学部 応用数理学科2年生を対象とするオムニバス講義「応用数理概論」における早水の担当回(第25回・第26回)の授業動画です.履修者の方はWaseda Moodleを見たうえで,下記の再生リストにあるガイダンス動画と共にご視聴ください. ▷ 2020年度応用数理概論(第25回・第26回)の再生リスト https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCo60G1m_iboyOgcogs2JyXrhuQh1SZ43 ☆ 参考文献 ☆ ▷ この動画で解説した内容について連載記事を書かせていただいた雑誌 ‐『数学セミナー』2020年1月号
From playlist 2020 Advanced Topic in Modern Mathematical Sciences 2
Lecture 2: A structure theorem for rooted binary phylogenetic networks and its various applications
This video is one of the two introductory lectures (Introduction to Discrete Mathematical Biology) given by Momoko Hayamizu as part of an omnibus lecture series "Advanced Modern Mathematical Sciences 2" for undergraduate mathematics majors at Waseda University. In this lecture, she gives a
From playlist 2020 Advanced Topic in Modern Mathematical Sciences 2
16. Comparative Methods: Trees, Maps, and Traits
Principles of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior (EEB 122) We can use methods of genetic analysis to connect phylogenic information to geographical histories. Human migration has left genetic traces on every continent, and allows us to trace our roots back to Africa. Molecular genetic meth
From playlist Evolution, Ecology and Behavior with Stephen C. Stearns
Anthea Monod (2/11/21): Tropical geometry of phylogenetic tree spaces
Title: Tropical geometry of phylogenetic tree spaces Abstract: BHV (Billera Holmes Vogtmann) space is a well-studied moduli space of phylogenetic trees that appears in many scientific disciplines, including computational biology, computer vision, combinatorics, and category theory. Speye
From playlist AATRN 2021
How do you assemble a cladogram or phylogenetic tree using fossils?
Lecture 06: Invertebrate Paleontology and Paleobotany Invertebrate Paleontology and Paleobotany is a graduate level course in paleontology at Utah State University, which covers the major groups of marine invertebrates, fossil plants, and the important techniques and tools used in the fie
From playlist Utah State University: Invertebrate Paleontology and Paleobotany (CosmoLearning Geology)
Statistical Rethinking Winter 2019 Lecture 19
Lecture 19 of the Dec 2018 through March 2019 edition of Statistical Rethinking: A Bayesian Course with R and Stan.
From playlist Statistical Rethinking Winter 2019
Binary Tree 1. Constructing a tree (algorithm and pseudocode)
This is the first in a series of videos about binary trees. It is an explanation of the dynamic data structure known as the Binary Tree. It describes the way in which a binary tree is constructed, and how it can be represented numerically using a system of left and right pointers. This v
From playlist Data Structures