Web Development

As a specialized field within computer science, web development encompasses the design, creation, deployment, and maintenance of websites and web applications that run in a web browser. The practice is broadly divided into front-end (client-side) development, which focuses on the user-facing elements and interactivity using languages like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, and back-end (server-side) development, which manages the server, application logic, and databases using languages such as Python, Node.js, or PHP. Together, these disciplines combine to produce the functional, interactive, and visually engaging digital experiences available on the World Wide Web, from simple static pages to complex social networks and e-commerce platforms.

  1. Foundations of the World Wide Web
    1. The Internet vs. The Web
      1. Definition of the Internet
        1. Definition of the World Wide Web
          1. Key Differences and Relationships
          2. How Websites Work
            1. Overview of Website Functionality
              1. Client-Server Model
                1. Definition and Roles
                  1. Request and Response Flow
                    1. Statelessness of HTTP
                    2. Web Browsers
                      1. Role of the Browser
                        1. Interpreting HTML, CSS, and JavaScript
                          1. User Interface and Navigation
                          2. Rendering Engines
                            1. Overview of Major Engines
                              1. WebKit
                                1. Gecko
                                2. Rendering Process
                                  1. Parsing and Layout
                                  2. Developer Tools
                                    1. Inspecting Elements
                                      1. Debugging JavaScript
                                        1. Network Monitoring
                                          1. Performance Profiling
                                        2. Web Servers
                                          1. Role and Functionality
                                            1. Serving Static vs. Dynamic Content
                                          2. Core Internet Protocols
                                            1. HTTP and HTTPS
                                              1. Protocol Overview
                                                1. Request/Response Cycle
                                                  1. Structure of Requests
                                                    1. Structure of Responses
                                                      1. Headers and Body
                                                      2. HTTP Methods
                                                        1. GET
                                                          1. POST
                                                            1. PUT
                                                              1. DELETE
                                                                1. PATCH
                                                                  1. OPTIONS
                                                                    1. HEAD
                                                                    2. Status Codes
                                                                      1. Informational (1xx)
                                                                        1. Success (2xx)
                                                                          1. Redirection (3xx)
                                                                            1. Client Error (4xx)
                                                                              1. Server Error (5xx)
                                                                              2. HTTPS and SSL/TLS
                                                                                1. Encryption Basics
                                                                                  1. Certificates and Trust
                                                                                2. TCP/IP
                                                                                  1. Layered Model Overview
                                                                                    1. IP Addressing and Routing
                                                                                      1. TCP vs. UDP
                                                                                      2. Domain Name System (DNS)
                                                                                        1. Purpose and Function
                                                                                          1. Domain Name Resolution Process
                                                                                            1. Types of DNS Records
                                                                                              1. A Records
                                                                                                1. AAAA Records
                                                                                                  1. CNAME Records
                                                                                                    1. MX Records
                                                                                                      1. TXT Records
                                                                                                  2. Website Anatomy
                                                                                                    1. URLs and URIs
                                                                                                      1. Structure of a URL
                                                                                                        1. Components
                                                                                                          1. Scheme
                                                                                                            1. Host
                                                                                                              1. Path
                                                                                                                1. Query
                                                                                                                  1. Fragment
                                                                                                                2. Website Structure
                                                                                                                  1. Directory and File Organization
                                                                                                                    1. Homepages and Landing Pages
                                                                                                                    2. Static vs. Dynamic Websites
                                                                                                                      1. Characteristics of Static Sites
                                                                                                                        1. Characteristics of Dynamic Sites
                                                                                                                          1. Use Cases and Examples

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                                                                                                                      2. Front-End Development (Client-Side)