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Statistics
Statistics with R
1. Introduction to R and Statistical Computing
2. R Fundamentals and Basic Operations
3. R Package System
4. R Data Structures
5. Data Import and Export
6. Data Cleaning and Preprocessing
7. Data Manipulation with dplyr
8. Descriptive Statistics
9. Data Visualization Fundamentals
10. Advanced Data Visualization with ggplot2
11. Probability Theory
12. Probability Distributions
13. Sampling and Sampling Distributions
14. Statistical Inference Foundations
15. Hypothesis Testing Framework
16. One-Sample Tests
17. Two-Sample Tests
18. Chi-squared Tests
19. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
20. Correlation Analysis
21. Simple Linear Regression
22. Regression Diagnostics
23. Multiple Linear Regression
24. Generalized Linear Models
25. Nonparametric Statistics
26. Introduction to Time Series Analysis
27. Introduction to Machine Learning
28. Reproducible Research
29. Statistical Computing Best Practices
Simple Linear Regression
Regression Concepts
Dependent and Independent Variables
Linear Relationships
Prediction vs Explanation
Simple Linear Regression Model
Population Model
Sample Model
Error Term
Assumptions
Least Squares Estimation
Method of Least Squares
Regression Coefficients
Fitted Values
Residuals
Implementation in R
lm() Function
Model Formula Syntax
Model Objects
Interpreting Regression Output
Coefficient Interpretation
Intercept and Slope
Standard Errors
t-statistics
p-values
Assessing Model Fit
R-squared
Adjusted R-squared
Residual Standard Error
F-statistic
Confidence and Prediction Intervals
Confidence Intervals for Coefficients
Confidence Intervals for Mean Response
Prediction Intervals for Individual Observations
Making Predictions
predict() Function
New Data Prediction
Extrapolation Concerns
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22. Regression Diagnostics