Static Code Analysis

  1. The Mechanics of Static Analysis Tools
    1. The Analysis Pipeline
      1. Code Parsing and Lexical Analysis
        1. Tokenization
          1. Keyword Recognition
            1. Operator Identification
              1. Literal Value Extraction
              2. Syntax Checking
                1. Grammar Validation
                  1. Language Specification Compliance
                  2. Character Encoding Handling
                    1. Comment and Whitespace Processing
                    2. Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) Generation
                      1. Structure and Purpose of ASTs
                        1. Node Types and Relationships
                          1. Tree Traversal Methods
                            1. AST Optimization Techniques
                            2. Creation of Intermediate Representations (IR)
                              1. Control Flow Graph (CFG)
                                1. Nodes and Edges
                                  1. Basic Block Construction
                                    1. Representation of Branches and Loops
                                      1. Exception Handling Paths
                                      2. Call Graph
                                        1. Function and Method Relationships
                                          1. Static vs. Dynamic Call Resolution
                                            1. Recursive Call Handling
                                            2. Data Flow Graph (DFG)
                                              1. Variable Tracking
                                                1. Data Dependencies
                                                  1. Use-Definition Chains
                                                  2. Program Dependence Graph (PDG)
                                                    1. Control and Data Dependencies
                                                      1. Slicing Applications
                                                    2. The Analysis Engine
                                                      1. Rule Application
                                                        1. Rule Matching Algorithms
                                                          1. Rule Priority and Ordering
                                                          2. Heuristic and Pattern-Based Analysis
                                                            1. Pattern Recognition Techniques
                                                              1. Statistical Analysis Methods
                                                              2. Custom Rule Support
                                                                1. Rule Definition Languages
                                                                  1. Rule Testing and Validation
                                                                  2. Analysis Optimization
                                                                    1. Caching Mechanisms
                                                                      1. Incremental Analysis
                                                                    2. Reporting of Findings
                                                                      1. Output Formats
                                                                        1. Text Reports
                                                                          1. JSON Structured Data
                                                                            1. HTML Interactive Reports
                                                                              1. XML Standardized Formats
                                                                              2. Integration with Issue Trackers
                                                                                1. API Connectivity
                                                                                  1. Workflow Integration
                                                                                  2. Severity and Confidence Levels
                                                                                    1. Risk Assessment Metrics
                                                                                      1. Prioritization Algorithms
                                                                                  3. Fundamental Analysis Techniques
                                                                                    1. Pattern Matching and Regular Expressions
                                                                                      1. Syntax Pattern Detection
                                                                                        1. Anti-pattern Identification
                                                                                          1. String Matching Algorithms
                                                                                            1. Context-Aware Pattern Recognition
                                                                                            2. Type and State Analysis
                                                                                              1. Type Inference
                                                                                                1. Static Type Checking
                                                                                                  1. Dynamic Type Prediction
                                                                                                  2. State Transitions
                                                                                                    1. Finite State Machines
                                                                                                      1. State Space Exploration
                                                                                                      2. Type Safety Verification
                                                                                                      3. Taint Analysis (Source-to-Sink Tracking)
                                                                                                        1. Identifying Sources and Sinks
                                                                                                          1. Input Sources
                                                                                                            1. Output Sinks
                                                                                                              1. Sanitization Points
                                                                                                              2. Propagation of Tainted Data
                                                                                                                1. Flow Tracking Algorithms
                                                                                                                  1. Implicit Flow Detection
                                                                                                                  2. Taint Propagation Rules
                                                                                                                    1. Context Sensitivity in Taint Analysis
                                                                                                                    2. Data Flow Analysis
                                                                                                                      1. Variable Initialization and Usage
                                                                                                                        1. Reaching Definitions
                                                                                                                          1. Live Variable Analysis
                                                                                                                          2. Constant Propagation
                                                                                                                            1. Compile-Time Optimization
                                                                                                                              1. Value Range Analysis
                                                                                                                              2. Available Expressions
                                                                                                                                1. Dead Code Elimination
                                                                                                                                2. Control Flow Analysis
                                                                                                                                  1. Path Exploration
                                                                                                                                    1. Feasible Path Identification
                                                                                                                                      1. Path Enumeration Strategies
                                                                                                                                      2. Loop and Branch Analysis
                                                                                                                                        1. Loop Invariant Detection
                                                                                                                                          1. Branch Coverage Analysis
                                                                                                                                          2. Dominance Analysis
                                                                                                                                            1. Post-Dominance Relationships
                                                                                                                                            2. Symbolic Execution
                                                                                                                                              1. Path Constraints
                                                                                                                                                1. Constraint Generation
                                                                                                                                                  1. Satisfiability Checking
                                                                                                                                                  2. Feasibility Checking
                                                                                                                                                    1. SMT Solver Integration
                                                                                                                                                      1. Constraint Solving Techniques
                                                                                                                                                      2. Symbolic State Management
                                                                                                                                                        1. Concolic Execution
                                                                                                                                                        2. Abstract Interpretation
                                                                                                                                                          1. Over-approximation of Program Behavior
                                                                                                                                                            1. Lattice Structures
                                                                                                                                                              1. Abstract Domains
                                                                                                                                                                1. Widening and Narrowing
                                                                                                                                                                2. Fixed-Point Computation
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Precision vs. Efficiency Trade-offs

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                                                                                                                                                              1. Foundations of Static Code Analysis

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                                                                                                                                                              3. Types of Static Analysis