Search Engines

  1. Indexing
    1. Purpose of an Index
      1. Fast Retrieval
        1. Efficient Storage
          1. Query Processing Support
          2. Inverted Index
            1. Structure and Concept
              1. Term-to-Document Mapping
                1. Index Organization
                2. Terms and Tokens
                  1. Tokenization Process
                    1. Handling Special Characters
                      1. Unicode Support
                      2. Posting Lists
                        1. Document Identifiers
                          1. Position Information
                            1. Term Frequency Storage
                            2. Document Frequency
                              1. Importance in Ranking
                                1. Collection Statistics
                                2. Term Frequency
                                  1. Weighting Terms
                                    1. Normalization Methods
                                  2. Indexing Pipeline
                                    1. Content Parsing
                                      1. HTML Parsing
                                        1. PDF and Other Formats
                                          1. Metadata Extraction
                                          2. Text Extraction
                                            1. Removing Boilerplate
                                              1. Extracting Main Content
                                                1. Content Quality Assessment
                                                2. Tokenization
                                                  1. Word Segmentation
                                                    1. Handling Multilingual Content
                                                      1. Compound Word Processing
                                                      2. Linguistic Processing
                                                        1. Stemming
                                                          1. Porter Stemmer
                                                            1. Snowball Stemmer
                                                              1. Language-specific Stemmers
                                                              2. Lemmatization
                                                                1. Differences from Stemming
                                                                  1. Morphological Analysis
                                                                  2. Stop Word Removal
                                                                    1. Common Stop Words
                                                                      1. Impact on Index Size
                                                                        1. Language-specific Stop Words
                                                                        2. Synonym Handling
                                                                          1. Synonym Dictionaries
                                                                            1. Automatic Synonym Discovery
                                                                            2. Spelling Correction
                                                                              1. Edit Distance Algorithms
                                                                                1. Statistical Methods
                                                                            3. Index Construction and Updates
                                                                              1. Batch Indexing
                                                                                1. Offline Processing
                                                                                  1. Merge-based Construction
                                                                                  2. Real-time Indexing
                                                                                    1. Incremental Updates
                                                                                      1. Stream Processing
                                                                                      2. Index Merging and Compression
                                                                                        1. Delta Indexes
                                                                                          1. Compression Techniques
                                                                                            1. Block-based Compression
                                                                                            2. Handling Updates and Deletions
                                                                                              1. Document Versioning
                                                                                                1. Tombstone Records
                                                                                              2. Data Structures for Indexing
                                                                                                1. Hash Tables
                                                                                                  1. Fast Lookup
                                                                                                    1. Collision Handling
                                                                                                    2. B-Trees and B+ Trees
                                                                                                      1. Range Queries
                                                                                                        1. Disk-based Storage
                                                                                                        2. Tries and Prefix Trees
                                                                                                          1. String Matching
                                                                                                            1. Autocomplete Support
                                                                                                            2. Skip Lists
                                                                                                              1. Probabilistic Data Structure
                                                                                                                1. Search Efficiency
                                                                                                              2. Distributed Indexing
                                                                                                                1. Index Partitioning
                                                                                                                  1. Horizontal Partitioning
                                                                                                                    1. Vertical Partitioning
                                                                                                                    2. Sharding Strategies
                                                                                                                      1. Document-based Sharding
                                                                                                                        1. Term-based Sharding
                                                                                                                        2. Replication and Consistency
                                                                                                                          1. Master-slave Replication
                                                                                                                            1. Eventual Consistency
                                                                                                                            2. Load Balancing
                                                                                                                              1. Query Distribution
                                                                                                                                1. Hot Spot Management

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                                                                                                                            2. Web Crawling

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                                                                                                                            4. Query Processing and Information Retrieval