RF and Microwave Engineering

  1. Passive RF and Microwave Components
    1. Power Dividers and Combiners
      1. Basic Principles
        1. Power Division Concepts
          1. Isolation Requirements
          2. Resistive Power Dividers
            1. Equal Split Configuration
              1. Unequal Split Configuration
                1. Loss Characteristics
                2. Reactive Power Dividers
                  1. T-Junction Dividers
                    1. Y-Junction Dividers
                    2. Wilkinson Power Divider
                      1. Theory and Operation
                        1. Design Equations
                          1. Isolation Resistor Function
                            1. Bandwidth Considerations
                              1. Unequal Split Designs
                              2. Gysel Power Divider
                                1. Structure and Advantages
                                  1. High Power Applications
                                2. Directional Couplers
                                  1. Coupling Mechanisms
                                    1. Electromagnetic Coupling
                                      1. Aperture Coupling
                                      2. Performance Parameters
                                        1. Coupling Factor
                                          1. Directivity
                                            1. Isolation
                                              1. Return Loss
                                                1. Bandwidth
                                                2. Coupler Types
                                                  1. Bethe-Hole Coupler
                                                    1. Construction
                                                      1. Coupling Mechanism
                                                        1. Design Considerations
                                                        2. Branch-Line Coupler
                                                          1. Structure and Operation
                                                            1. Design Equations
                                                              1. Bandwidth Limitations
                                                              2. Lange Coupler
                                                                1. Interdigitated Structure
                                                                  1. Tight Coupling Achievement
                                                                    1. Fabrication Considerations
                                                                    2. Backward-Wave Coupler
                                                                      1. Forward-Wave Coupler
                                                                      2. Coupled-Line Theory
                                                                        1. Even and Odd Mode Analysis
                                                                          1. Coupling Coefficient
                                                                            1. Design Synthesis
                                                                          2. Hybrid Junctions
                                                                            1. 90-Degree Hybrids
                                                                              1. Quadrature Operation
                                                                                1. Branch-Line Hybrid
                                                                                  1. Coupled-Line Hybrid
                                                                                    1. Applications in Mixers
                                                                                    2. 180-Degree Hybrids
                                                                                      1. Rat-Race Hybrid
                                                                                        1. Magic-T
                                                                                          1. Applications in Balanced Systems
                                                                                          2. Baluns
                                                                                            1. Balanced-to-Unbalanced Conversion
                                                                                              1. Marchand Balun
                                                                                                1. Transformer Baluns
                                                                                                  1. Common-Mode Rejection
                                                                                                2. RF and Microwave Filters
                                                                                                  1. Filter Fundamentals
                                                                                                    1. Filter Specifications
                                                                                                      1. Passband Characteristics
                                                                                                        1. Stopband Attenuation
                                                                                                          1. Transition Band
                                                                                                          2. Filter Classifications
                                                                                                            1. Low-Pass Filters
                                                                                                              1. High-Pass Filters
                                                                                                                1. Band-Pass Filters
                                                                                                                  1. Band-Stop Filters
                                                                                                                2. Filter Design Theory
                                                                                                                  1. Insertion Loss Method
                                                                                                                    1. Image Parameter Method
                                                                                                                      1. Network Synthesis
                                                                                                                      2. Filter Prototypes
                                                                                                                        1. Maximally Flat Response
                                                                                                                          1. Equal-Ripple Response
                                                                                                                            1. Elliptic Response
                                                                                                                              1. Bessel Response
                                                                                                                              2. Lumped Element Filters
                                                                                                                                1. LC Ladder Networks
                                                                                                                                  1. Component Tolerances
                                                                                                                                    1. Parasitic Effects
                                                                                                                                    2. Distributed Element Filters
                                                                                                                                      1. Stepped-Impedance Filters
                                                                                                                                        1. Design Procedure
                                                                                                                                          1. Bandwidth Limitations
                                                                                                                                          2. Coupled-Line Filters
                                                                                                                                            1. Parallel-Coupled Filters
                                                                                                                                              1. End-Coupled Filters
                                                                                                                                                1. Interdigital Filters
                                                                                                                                                  1. Combline Filters
                                                                                                                                                  2. Cavity Filters
                                                                                                                                                    1. Iris-Coupled Cavities
                                                                                                                                                      1. Probe-Coupled Cavities
                                                                                                                                                        1. High-Q Performance
                                                                                                                                                      2. Active Filters
                                                                                                                                                        1. Operational Amplifier Filters
                                                                                                                                                          1. Gyrator-Based Filters
                                                                                                                                                          2. Tunable Filters
                                                                                                                                                            1. Varactor-Tuned Filters
                                                                                                                                                              1. YIG-Tuned Filters
                                                                                                                                                                1. MEMS-Based Filters
                                                                                                                                                              2. Attenuators
                                                                                                                                                                1. Fixed Attenuators
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Resistive Networks
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Pi Configuration
                                                                                                                                                                      1. T Configuration
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Bridged-T Configuration
                                                                                                                                                                        2. Waveguide Attenuators
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Vane Attenuators
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Flap Attenuators
                                                                                                                                                                          2. Variable Attenuators
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Voltage-Controlled Attenuators
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Mechanically Tuned Attenuators
                                                                                                                                                                                1. PIN Diode Attenuators
                                                                                                                                                                                2. Performance Characteristics
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Attenuation Range
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Frequency Response
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. VSWR
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Power Handling
                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Fixed Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Line Length Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Loaded-Line Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Variable Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Analog Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Varactor-Loaded Lines
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Reflection-Type Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Digital Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Switched-Line Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Loaded-Line Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Reflection-Type Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Performance Parameters
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Phase Shift Range
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Insertion Loss
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Phase Accuracy
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Switching Speed
                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Phased Array Antennas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Beam Steering Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Ferrite Components
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Ferrite Material Properties
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Magnetic Permeability
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Gyromagnetic Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Loss Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Isolators
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Faraday Rotation Isolators
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Resonance Isolators
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Non-Reciprocal Behavior
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Circulators
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Three-Port Circulators
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Four-Port Circulators
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Junction Circulators
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Applications in Duplexing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Ferrite Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Latching Phase Shifters
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Analog Phase Shifters

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6. Active RF and Microwave Components