UsefulLinks
Biology
Paleontology
Paleontology
1. Introduction to Paleontology
2. The Fossil Record and Fossilization
3. Geological Context and Time
4. Paleontological Methods
5. History of Life: Major Groups
6. Reconstructing Ancient Worlds
7. Macroevolution and the Fossil Record
7.
Macroevolution and the Fossil Record
7.1.
Patterns of Evolution
7.1.1.
Adaptive Radiation
7.1.1.1.
Rapid Diversification
7.1.2.
Convergent Evolution
7.1.2.1.
Analogous Structures
7.1.3.
Co-evolution
7.1.3.1.
Predator-Prey Arms Races
7.1.3.2.
Plant-Animal Interactions
7.1.4.
Evolutionary Trends
7.1.4.1.
Cope's Rule
7.1.4.2.
Dollo's Law
7.2.
Modes of Speciation
7.2.1.
Phyletic Gradualism
7.2.2.
Punctuated Equilibria
7.3.
Phylogenetics and Systematics
7.3.1.
Cladistics
7.3.1.1.
Principles of Cladistics
7.3.1.2.
Character Matrices
7.3.2.
Reading Phylogenetic Trees
7.3.2.1.
Tree Topology
7.3.2.2.
Monophyly
7.3.2.3.
Paraphyly
7.3.2.4.
Polyphyly
7.3.3.
Molecular Paleontology and Ancient DNA
7.3.3.1.
DNA Recovery from Fossils
7.3.3.2.
Molecular Clocks
7.4.
Mass Extinctions
7.4.1.
The "Big Five" Extinction Events
7.4.1.1.
End-Ordovician
7.4.1.2.
Late Devonian
7.4.1.3.
End-Permian
7.4.1.4.
End-Triassic
7.4.1.5.
End-Cretaceous
7.4.2.
Causes and Consequences
7.4.2.1.
Volcanism
7.4.2.2.
Asteroid Impacts
7.4.2.3.
Climate Change
7.4.2.4.
Ocean Anoxia
7.4.3.
The Anthropocene and the Sixth Extinction
7.4.3.1.
Human Impacts on Biodiversity
7.4.3.2.
Conservation Paleobiology
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6. Reconstructing Ancient Worlds
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1. Introduction to Paleontology