Nuclear Fuel Cycle

  1. Partitioning and Transmutation
    1. Partitioning Technologies
      1. Advanced Separation
        1. Selective Extraction
          1. Ion Exchange
            1. Pyrochemical Methods
            2. Target Isotopes
              1. Long-Lived Fission Products
                1. Minor Actinides
              2. Transmutation Methods
                1. Reactor-Based Transmutation
                  1. Fast Reactors
                    1. Thermal Reactors
                    2. Accelerator-Driven Systems
                      1. Spallation Neutron Sources
                        1. Subcritical Systems
                      2. Benefits and Challenges
                        1. Waste Reduction
                          1. Technical Complexity
                            1. Economic Considerations

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                          19. Fast Reactor Fuel Cycles

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                          21. IAEA Safeguards System