Management of Technology and Innovation

Management of Technology and Innovation is a strategic and operational discipline focused on planning, developing, and implementing technological capabilities to shape and accomplish an organization's innovative goals. It encompasses the entire lifecycle of innovation, from identifying and evaluating emerging technologies and managing research and development (R&D) portfolios, to integrating new solutions into products, services, and processes, and ultimately commercializing and protecting the resulting intellectual property. This field bridges the gap between engineering, science, and business management to ensure that technological investments are effectively leveraged to create sustainable competitive advantage and drive market growth.

1. Foundations of Technology and Innovation Management
   1. Defining Technology and Innovation
      1. Nature of Technology
         1. Technology as Knowledge
         2. Technology as Artifact
         3. Technology as Process
         4. Technology as System
      2. Components of Technological Systems
         1. Hardware Components
         2. Software Components
         3. Human Components
         4. Organizational Components
      3. System Interdependencies
         1. Technical Interdependencies
         2. Social Interdependencies
         3. Economic Interdependencies
      4. Types of Technology
         1. Product Technology
         2. Process Technology
         3. Information Technology
         4. Service Technology
      5. Defining Innovation
         1. Innovation vs Invention
         2. Innovation vs Creativity
         3. Innovation as Value Creation
         4. Innovation as Change Process
      6. Characteristics of Innovation
         1. Novelty
         2. Utility
         3. Intentionality
         4. Implementation
      7. Innovation Value Chain
         1. Idea Generation
         2. Conversion Process
         3. Diffusion Process
   2. Classifications of Innovation
      1. Degree of Novelty
         1. Incremental Innovation
         2. Radical Innovation
         3. Breakthrough Innovation
      2. Innovation Scope
         1. Component Innovation
         2. Architectural Innovation
         3. System Innovation
      3. Market Impact
         1. Sustaining Innovation
         2. Disruptive Innovation
         3. Revolutionary Innovation
      4. Innovation Focus
         1. Product Innovation
         2. Process Innovation
         3. Service Innovation
         4. Business Model Innovation
      5. Innovation Source
         1. Technology Push Innovation
         2. Market Pull Innovation
         3. Design-Driven Innovation
   3. Strategic Role of Technology and Innovation
      1. Technology as Competitive Advantage
         1. Resource-Based View
         2. Dynamic Capabilities
         3. Core Competencies
      2. Technology Performance Patterns
         1. S-Curve Dynamics
         2. Performance Limits
         3. Discontinuities
      3. Technology Life Cycles
         1. Emergence Phase
         2. Growth Phase
         3. Maturity Phase
         4. Decline Phase
      4. Dominant Designs
         1. Design Competition
         2. Standard Setting
         3. Network Effects
         4. Lock-in Effects
      5. Innovation Timing
         1. First-Mover Advantages
         2. Fast-Follower Strategies
         3. Late-Entrant Strategies