Information Security Principles

Information Security Principles are the foundational cornerstones that guide the design and implementation of any cybersecurity strategy, most famously encapsulated by the CIA Triad. This triad consists of Confidentiality, which ensures that information is not disclosed to unauthorized individuals or systems; Integrity, which maintains the consistency, accuracy, and trustworthiness of data against improper modification; and Availability, which guarantees that information and services are accessible when needed by authorized users. These core tenets, often supplemented by concepts like authenticity and non-repudiation, provide a universal framework for classifying threats, assessing risks, and applying the necessary security controls to protect an organization's valuable digital assets.

1. Introduction to Information Security
   1. Defining Information Security
      1. Core Definition and Scope
      2. Information vs Data Security
      3. Historical Context of Information Security
      4. Evolution of Security Practices
      5. Modern Security Landscape
   2. Importance in the Digital Age
      1. Digital Transformation Impact
      2. Cybersecurity Threat Landscape
      3. Consequences of Security Breaches
         1. Financial Impact
         2. Reputational Damage
         3. Legal Consequences
         4. Operational Disruption
      4. Societal and Economic Implications
      5. Business Dependency on Information Systems
   3. Fundamental Terminology
      1. Asset
         1. Definition and Characteristics
         2. Types of Assets
            1. Tangible Assets
            2. Intangible Assets
            3. Information Assets
         3. Asset Classification
         4. Asset Valuation Methods
      2. Threat
         1. Definition and Nature
         2. Threat Sources
            1. Internal Threats
            2. External Threats
            3. Environmental Threats
         3. Threat Actors
            1. Hackers and Cybercriminals
            2. Insider Threats
            3. Nation-State Actors
            4. Organized Crime
            5. Hacktivists
         4. Threat Modeling
      3. Vulnerability
         1. Definition and Characteristics
         2. Types of Vulnerabilities
            1. Technical Vulnerabilities
            2. Human Vulnerabilities
            3. Physical Vulnerabilities
            4. Process Vulnerabilities
         3. Vulnerability Assessment Methods
         4. Vulnerability Lifecycle
      4. Risk
         1. Definition and Components
         2. Risk Components
            1. Likelihood Assessment
            2. Impact Assessment
         3. Risk Scenarios
         4. Risk Tolerance
         5. Risk Appetite
      5. Control
         1. Definition and Purpose
         2. Control Categories
            1. Preventive Controls
            2. Detective Controls
            3. Corrective Controls
            4. Deterrent Controls
            5. Compensating Controls
         3. Control Effectiveness Measurement
         4. Control Selection Criteria
      6. Exploit
         1. Definition and Process
         2. Exploit Development
         3. Exploit Techniques
         4. Exploit Lifecycle
         5. Zero-Day Exploits
   4. Goals of Information Security
      1. Primary Security Objectives
      2. Protecting Confidentiality
      3. Ensuring Integrity
      4. Maintaining Availability
      5. Supporting Business Continuity
      6. Enabling Trust and Compliance
      7. Balancing Security and Usability