Hydraulic Engineering

  1. Open-Channel Flow
    1. Basic Concepts and Definitions
      1. Channel Geometry
        1. Cross-Sectional Shapes
          1. Wetted Perimeter
            1. Hydraulic Radius
              1. Hydraulic Depth
              2. Types of Open Channels
                1. Prismatic Channels
                  1. Non-prismatic Channels
                  2. Flow Regimes
                    1. Subcritical Flow
                      1. Critical Flow
                        1. Supercritical Flow
                        2. Froude Number
                          1. Definition and Significance
                            1. Applications in Flow Classification
                          2. Energy and Momentum Principles in Open Channels
                            1. Specific Energy
                              1. Specific Energy Diagram
                                1. Critical Depth
                                  1. Minimum Specific Energy
                                  2. Specific Force
                                    1. Momentum Principle in Open Channels
                                      1. Applications to Hydraulic Jump
                                    2. Uniform Flow
                                      1. Concept of Normal Depth
                                        1. Determination Methods
                                        2. Chezy Equation
                                          1. Chezy Coefficient
                                            1. Application and Limitations
                                            2. Manning's Equation
                                              1. Manning's n Value Selection
                                                1. Application to Channel Design
                                                2. Design of Channels for Uniform Flow
                                                  1. Best Hydraulic Section
                                                    1. Rectangular Section
                                                      1. Trapezoidal Section
                                                        1. Circular Section
                                                        2. Lining Materials
                                                          1. Channel Roughness
                                                        3. Gradually Varied Flow
                                                          1. The GVF Equation
                                                            1. Derivation and Assumptions
                                                            2. Classification of Flow Profiles
                                                              1. M-Type Profiles
                                                                1. S-Type Profiles
                                                                  1. C-Type Profiles
                                                                    1. H-Type Profiles
                                                                      1. A-Type Profiles
                                                                        1. Control Sections
                                                                        2. Computation of Flow Profiles
                                                                          1. Direct Step Method
                                                                            1. Standard Step Method
                                                                              1. Graphical Integration
                                                                                1. Numerical Methods
                                                                              2. Rapidly Varied Flow
                                                                                1. The Hydraulic Jump
                                                                                  1. Types of Hydraulic Jumps
                                                                                    1. Conjugate Depths
                                                                                      1. Energy Loss in a Jump
                                                                                        1. Location and Control of Jumps
                                                                                        2. Flow Over Weirs
                                                                                          1. Sharp-Crested Weirs
                                                                                            1. Discharge Equations
                                                                                              1. Calibration and Use
                                                                                              2. Broad-Crested Weirs
                                                                                                1. Flow Characteristics
                                                                                              3. Flow Under Sluice Gates
                                                                                                1. Submerged Flow
                                                                                                  1. Free Flow
                                                                                                    1. Discharge Calculations
                                                                                                    2. Flow at Abrupt Changes in Channel Geometry
                                                                                                      1. Expansion Losses
                                                                                                        1. Contraction Losses
                                                                                                          1. Control Structures

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                                                                                                      2. Core Principles of Fluid Mechanics

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                                                                                                      4. Closed-Conduit Flow