Graph-based cybersecurity is an approach that applies graph theory to model complex digital environments, representing entities such as users, devices, applications, and files as nodes, and the relationships and interactions between them—like network connections, data flows, or access permissions—as edges. By analyzing the structure and properties of this graph, security professionals can more effectively visualize system-wide dependencies, detect anomalous patterns indicative of sophisticated attacks, trace the propagation of threats, and identify critical vulnerabilities or potential attack paths that might be invisible with traditional, list-based security tools.