Food Safety and Quality Assurance

  1. Auditing, Verification, and Validation
    1. Principles of Auditing
      1. Objectives and Scope
        1. Auditor Competencies
          1. Audit Standards
          2. Types of Audits
            1. First-Party (Internal) Audits
              1. Purpose and Process
                1. Self-Assessment
                2. Second-Party (Supplier) Audits
                  1. Supplier Evaluation
                    1. Vendor Assessment
                    2. Third-Party (Certification) Audits
                      1. Certification Schemes
                        1. Independent Assessment
                      2. The Audit Process
                        1. Planning and Preparation
                          1. Audit Plan Development
                            1. Document Review
                              1. Resource Allocation
                              2. Performance and Evidence Collection
                                1. On-Site Activities
                                  1. Interviewing Personnel
                                    1. Record Examination
                                      1. Observation Techniques
                                      2. Reporting and Follow-up
                                        1. Audit Report Preparation
                                          1. Corrective Action Requests
                                            1. Follow-up Activities
                                              1. Closure Verification
                                            2. Verification vs. Validation
                                              1. Definitions and Differences
                                                1. Application in Food Safety
                                                  1. Verifying System Performance
                                                    1. Routine Checks
                                                      1. Review of Records
                                                        1. Monitoring Activities
                                                        2. Validating Control Measures
                                                          1. Scientific Validation
                                                            1. Challenge Studies
                                                              1. Literature Review

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                                                          10. Regulatory and Legal Frameworks

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                                                          12. Emerging Issues and Advanced Topics