File Systems

  1. Traditional File System Types
    1. FAT File System Family
      1. FAT12
        1. Structure and Organization
          1. Limitations
            1. Use Cases
            2. FAT16
              1. Improvements over FAT12
                1. Cluster Size Limitations
                2. FAT32
                  1. Extended Cluster Addressing
                    1. File Size Limitations
                      1. Compatibility
                      2. exFAT
                        1. Large File Support
                          1. Flash Memory Optimization
                            1. Cross-Platform Compatibility
                          2. Windows File Systems
                            1. NTFS Architecture
                              1. Master File Table Structure
                                1. Everything-is-a-File Philosophy
                                  1. Metadata Organization
                                  2. NTFS Features
                                    1. Journaling Capabilities
                                      1. Alternate Data Streams
                                        1. File Compression
                                          1. Encryption File System
                                            1. Volume Shadow Copy
                                            2. ReFS
                                              1. Resilient File System Features
                                                1. Data Integrity Focus
                                              2. UNIX and Linux File Systems
                                                1. Traditional UNIX File System
                                                  1. UFS Structure
                                                    1. Inode Organization
                                                      1. Cylinder Groups
                                                      2. ext File System Family
                                                        1. ext2 Design
                                                          1. Block Groups
                                                            1. Inode Tables
                                                              1. No Journaling
                                                              2. ext3 Enhancements
                                                                1. Journaling Addition
                                                                  1. Backward Compatibility
                                                                  2. ext4 Improvements
                                                                    1. Extent-Based Allocation
                                                                      1. Large File Support
                                                                        1. Delayed Allocation
                                                                      2. Advanced Linux File Systems
                                                                        1. XFS Features
                                                                          1. Scalability Focus
                                                                            1. Allocation Groups
                                                                              1. Real-Time Subvolumes
                                                                              2. Btrfs Capabilities
                                                                                1. Copy-on-Write Architecture
                                                                                  1. Built-in RAID Support
                                                                                    1. Subvolumes and Snapshots
                                                                                      1. Online Defragmentation
                                                                                      2. ZFS Features
                                                                                        1. Integrated Volume Management
                                                                                          1. Data Integrity Focus
                                                                                            1. Compression and Deduplication
                                                                                        2. Apple File Systems
                                                                                          1. HFS and HFS+
                                                                                            1. Hierarchical Structure
                                                                                              1. Resource Forks
                                                                                                1. Catalog B-Tree
                                                                                                2. APFS Design
                                                                                                  1. Space Sharing
                                                                                                    1. Cloning and Snapshots
                                                                                                      1. Native Encryption
                                                                                                        1. Crash Protection

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                                                                                                    9. Security and Access Control

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                                                                                                    11. Specialized File Systems