Equity Investing

  1. Fundamental Analysis
    1. Core Principles
      1. Intrinsic Value Concept
        1. Margin of Safety
          1. Long-Term Value Creation
          2. Analysis Approaches
            1. Top-Down Analysis
              1. Bottom-Up Analysis
                1. Hybrid Approaches
                2. Macroeconomic Analysis
                  1. Economic Indicators
                    1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
                      1. Inflation Rates
                        1. Interest Rates
                          1. Unemployment Rates
                            1. Consumer Confidence
                              1. Manufacturing Indices
                              2. Monetary Policy
                                1. Federal Reserve Actions
                                  1. Money Supply
                                    1. Credit Conditions
                                    2. Fiscal Policy
                                      1. Government Spending
                                        1. Tax Policy
                                          1. Budget Deficits
                                          2. International Factors
                                            1. Exchange Rates
                                              1. Trade Balances
                                                1. Geopolitical Events
                                              2. Industry Analysis
                                                1. Industry Life Cycle
                                                  1. Introduction Stage
                                                    1. Growth Stage
                                                      1. Maturity Stage
                                                        1. Decline Stage
                                                        2. Porter's Five Forces
                                                          1. Threat of New Entrants
                                                            1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
                                                              1. Bargaining Power of Buyers
                                                                1. Threat of Substitutes
                                                                  1. Industry Rivalry
                                                                  2. Industry Structure Analysis
                                                                    1. Regulatory Environment
                                                                      1. Technology Disruption
                                                                      2. Company Analysis - Qualitative Factors
                                                                        1. Business Model Analysis
                                                                          1. Revenue Streams
                                                                            1. Cost Structure
                                                                              1. Value Proposition
                                                                              2. Competitive Advantage
                                                                                1. Economic Moats
                                                                                  1. Barriers to Entry
                                                                                    1. Brand Strength
                                                                                      1. Network Effects
                                                                                        1. Switching Costs
                                                                                        2. Management Quality
                                                                                          1. Leadership Track Record
                                                                                            1. Strategic Vision
                                                                                              1. Capital Allocation Skills
                                                                                                1. Shareholder Alignment
                                                                                                2. Corporate Governance
                                                                                                  1. Board Independence
                                                                                                    1. Executive Compensation
                                                                                                      1. Shareholder Rights
                                                                                                        1. Transparency
                                                                                                        2. ESG Factors
                                                                                                          1. Environmental Impact
                                                                                                            1. Social Responsibility
                                                                                                              1. Governance Practices
                                                                                                            2. Company Analysis - Quantitative Factors
                                                                                                              1. Financial Statement Analysis
                                                                                                                1. Balance Sheet Analysis
                                                                                                                  1. Assets
                                                                                                                    1. Current Assets
                                                                                                                      1. Non-Current Assets
                                                                                                                        1. Intangible Assets
                                                                                                                        2. Liabilities
                                                                                                                          1. Current Liabilities
                                                                                                                            1. Long-Term Debt
                                                                                                                              1. Contingent Liabilities
                                                                                                                              2. Shareholders' Equity
                                                                                                                                1. Common Stock
                                                                                                                                  1. Retained Earnings
                                                                                                                                    1. Treasury Stock
                                                                                                                                  2. Income Statement Analysis
                                                                                                                                    1. Revenue Recognition
                                                                                                                                      1. Cost of Goods Sold
                                                                                                                                        1. Gross Profit Analysis
                                                                                                                                          1. Operating Expenses
                                                                                                                                            1. Non-Operating Items
                                                                                                                                              1. Earnings Quality
                                                                                                                                              2. Cash Flow Statement Analysis
                                                                                                                                                1. Operating Cash Flow
                                                                                                                                                  1. Investing Cash Flow
                                                                                                                                                    1. Financing Cash Flow
                                                                                                                                                      1. Free Cash Flow
                                                                                                                                                        1. Cash Flow Quality
                                                                                                                                                      2. Financial Ratio Analysis
                                                                                                                                                        1. Profitability Ratios
                                                                                                                                                          1. Return on Equity (ROE)
                                                                                                                                                            1. Return on Assets (ROA)
                                                                                                                                                              1. Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
                                                                                                                                                                1. Net Profit Margin
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Gross Margin
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Operating Margin
                                                                                                                                                                      1. EBITDA Margin
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Liquidity Ratios
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Current Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Quick Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Cash Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Operating Cash Flow Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Leverage Ratios
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Debt-to-Equity Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Debt-to-Assets Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Interest Coverage Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Debt Service Coverage Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Efficiency Ratios
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Asset Turnover
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Inventory Turnover
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Receivables Turnover
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Working Capital Turnover
                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Valuation Ratios
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Price-to-Earnings (P/E) Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Price-to-Book (P/B) Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Price-to-Sales (P/S) Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Price/Earnings to Growth (PEG) Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA)
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Enterprise Value to Sales (EV/Sales)
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Dividend Yield
                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Trend Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Historical Performance
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Growth Rates
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Seasonality
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Cyclical Patterns

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                                                                                                                                                                                                              3. Types of Stocks

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                                                                                                                                                                                                              5. Stock Valuation Models