Earthquake Engineering

  1. Seismic Evaluation and Retrofitting of Existing Structures
    1. Vulnerability Assessment
      1. Rapid Visual Screening
        1. Screening Procedures
          1. Data Collection Forms
            1. Scoring Systems
              1. Prioritization Methods
              2. Detailed Structural Evaluation
                1. Linear Analysis Methods
                  1. Nonlinear Analysis Methods
                    1. Material Property Assessment
                      1. Condition Assessment
                    2. Retrofit Strategies
                      1. Strengthening Techniques
                        1. Adding Shear Walls
                          1. Adding Braced Frames
                            1. Column and Beam Jacketing
                              1. Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Applications
                              2. Stiffening Modifications
                                1. Addition of Stiff Elements
                                  1. Infill Walls
                                  2. Ductility Improvements
                                    1. Detailing Modifications
                                      1. Confinement Enhancement
                                      2. Mass Reduction
                                        1. Removal of Heavy Elements
                                          1. Material Substitution
                                          2. Foundation Improvements
                                            1. Underpinning Techniques
                                              1. Soil Improvement
                                                1. Foundation Strengthening

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                                            10. Seismic Design of Non-Structural Components

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                                            12. Advanced Seismic Protection Systems